Chapter 38 - Scotland from 1513 to 1514
  • Chapter 38 – Scotland in 1513 to 1514


    The king of Scotland died nine days before his daughter-in law passed away. The new Queen of Scots had breathed her last in Stirling Palace on the 17th of May, leaving her infant daughter, Joan Stewart motherless at the mere age of eight months old, her sole contribution to the royal house of Scotland before her death at the age of seventeen. Marie of Valois never had time to bear the crown intended for her head as a fever had caused her demise. The messengers, wearing black garments for mourning, whom had arrived to proclaim her queen, returned to the court in Edinburgh with even more sad announcement for their new sovereign, James V, king of Scots and the sixth Stewart monarch of the realm.

    Margaret of Austria as young queen.jpg

    Marie of Valois the Nine Days Queen, Posthumous portrait in 1514

    Joan of Gloucester took the loss of Marie far less hard than her husband as she had never approved of her son’s wife. Her primary fault had been that she was French, of all things and the eldest daughter of Richard III of England had no love for that kingdom. But neither had she desired Marie’s death and a sense of guilt had come over her at the news. She should have been kinder to her, done more to make her feel welcome to the Scottish kingdom, so different from the Loire Valley where she had grown up. Marie’s original betrothal had been to the Holy Roman Empire, but the ascension of John III to the throne of Castile had made Maximilian I more interested in allying with the mighty king of Spain and the chaos that had engulfed France had been the final nail in the coffin for that future alliance.

    James had been the picture of regal courtesy upon her arrival and Jamie behaved as the prince he was raised to be. Marie had been shy and acutely seasick after crossing the channel from Le Havre, where harsh winds had taken its toll on her ships. The nervousness could have been easy to attribute to entering a foreign court at the age of fifteen, but with hindsight Joan realized that deeper issues laid behind it. The death of her father at the hands of the Duke of Lorraine, the captivity of her brother in Flanders, and the civil wars that had torn the realm apart for years and led to the Spanish sack of Toulouse would not have been the best times for a princess of France to grow up. Neither did the cruel treatment of her mother or the cold absence of Isabelle of Portugal, two women whom would have been figures of support and guidance for her as she came of age.

    Joan had only a few memories of her own mother, as Anne Neville had died when she had been mere five years old. She could only recall that her hair had been the color of burnished gold, pin straight, tucked underneath her beehive hennin and the harsh cough that often plagued her delicate and pale frame. Her full sister, Eleanor resembled her the most had she heard growing up, while Joan took after her father’s darker coloring.
    James had held her as she wept upon hearing of her father’s death in 1505. Weeks later she had delivered a small and dark boy at the Falkland castle, a son that lived no more than two months. She had always remembered that the baby’s features resembled his grandfather and prayed often that they had been reunited in the heavens above her.

    Twenty-five years of peace and prosperity. James’s reign had been a watershed in Scottish history, with few infighting among the nobility and no wars with England for over a generation. Twenty-three years of marriage and four living children to safeguard the crown.

    “I should have been kinder to Marie.” Joan thought, grief roiling insider her like the ocean in a storm. “I had a blessed and happy marriage for so long and this is my punishment for my cruelty to Marie.”

    Upon reaching her apartments in the castle of Edinburgh Joan dismissed her ladies and withdrew to her bedchamber. And in the solitude the bereaved woman who had been Queen of Scotland nine days ago dropped her head in her hands and let the heavy tears finally fall.



    Her son came to see her a fortnight later and they dined in private on roasted saithe and baked asparagus with cheese and bread. Joan did suspect his visit was not entirely a social one and at the end of the meal, James confirmed it as the subject turned to politics. As he was a young widower at the age of nearly twenty with an infant girl as his heir, the new king’s first priority would be to find a new queen and he wished to discuss the matter with her. The future of his youngest sister, Mary would also be planned for even if she had just turned five. The choice of brides for Scotland was rather slim in that year, with many potential candidates being either to young, or already wedded and others not interested in joining with a remote realm like Scotland. The Dukes of Lorraine and Savoy both had daughters of the right age, but neither had any interest in Scotland and the Emperor would never give his eldest granddaughter to James when she could wed elsewhere with higher prestige. Charlotte of France would be in the right age, and France, despite its recent ravages was still one of the most prestigious kingdoms in Christendom. The english princess Elizabeth of York would be a splendid fit and so would the Brabantian ladies, Margaret and Philippa, but they were still too young for marriage. The Grand Duke had a niece however, Jaquetta of Saint Pol. The lady in question had turned fourteen and would certainly work as a ducal proxy. An alliance with Brabant would certainly benefit Scotland and Jaquetta would certainly bring a royal dowry fitting her status. The trade benefits for Scotland would work well and the prospect of his niece becoming Queen would entice the duke, always keen to extend the Brabantian influence.

    Moreover, many important people felt like the Auld Alliance that had been created in 1290 had not brought the benefits to the kingdom as hoped for. And while Marie de Valois had been the sister of Charles IX, the kingdom of France had been a fractured and ravaged one after 1510. Scotland were not in the same impoverished kingdom as they had been long ago and now could ask for another alliance with a great kingdom. And there were few ones as splendid as the Grand Duchy of Brabant. The king’s decision to pursue Jaquetta paid off and a year later she arrived in Edinburgh with dowry of 150,000 florins and chests loaded with jewellery, tapestries and plates of gold and silver. As an highly educated and cultured lady, she made an instant impression on the Scots and her husband who seemed to find her enthralling. And in the dowager queen, Jacquetta found a caring and kind new mother.

    Isabella of York, grand duchess of Brabant.jpg

    Jacquetta of Saint-Pol, Queen of Scotland


    Author's Note: So we made a detour to Scotland all of a sudden. Not the most cheerful of visit, but everyone can't be happy all the time. And James still died in 1513, even without the Battle of Flodden Field. I guess some things are meant to happen. Man, the Valois family have no luck in this TL.
     
    Help with Spain and it's future.
  • Okay, so serious question about Spain right now. How does the kingdom develop a stronger middle class and a manufacturing base? From what I understand they lost a lot of them when the jews were expelled. I plan on Juan having major road contruction projects, but I need more help. Anybody?
     
    Chapter 39 - The Holy Roman Empire in 1513 to 1516
  • Chapter 39 – The Holy Roman Empire in 1513 to 1516


    The Imperial court was all abuzz with the preparations for the arrival of the new archduchess in the autumn of 1513. Heavy rolls of tapestries were brought up from the storerooms, carpets inspected and replaced if they were deemed unsuitable, and objects of gold and silver had been polished until they shone with mirror-brightness. New banners with the Hapsburg crests had been ordered and attendants at the court of Vienna all wore clothes of new fabric. Nothing would be missed or faulty when the Spaniards arrived a mere weeks later, as decreed by Emperor Maximilian, who was most eager to make a great impression on them, used to the grandness of the court of John III, now sovereign of all Spanish kingdoms. Normally the empress would have been in charge of the preparations, but as his wife’s illness had become even more severe at this point, the Queen of the Romans oversaw everything. And Anne of Burgundy certainly made sure it lived up to the greatness of an Empire. No imperial marriage had been celebrated since her own nearly twenty years ago, as only one of Maximilian’s three daughters had been wed in splendour; Elizabeth of Austria to the Duke of Lorraine in 1493.

    The eldest one, Eleanor of Austria had never had much to look forward to in matrimony, as she had been born with a several deformities in her shoulders and left arm and a limp that had persisted from birth. The Empress had been ashamed of her firstborn from the start and gave her other children all attention she denied Eleanor. The invasion and defeat of Vladislaus of Hungary and Bohemia in 1490 had proved to be her salvation however, as Maximilian needed to make peace with Bohemia and thus Eleanor became the key to the solution. No doubt she herself had lobbied her father, as Eleanor had been blessed with a fierce intelligence and a great astuteness in spite of her crippled body. A marriage to Vladislaus was the only option she had, as the other one was the one desired by her mother: a nun’s veil in a convent far from her sight. The captive, now tarnished with his previous wife’s suicide, the bigamist attempt to wed Beatrice of Naples and suffering the loss of Hungary had been very consoled by his intelligent and compassionate niece and had readily agreed to the match, as he had little in fortune otherwise. Maximilian had obtained the papal dispensation necessary for the marriage, thus Bohemia would receive its new Queen when he returned in 1491 with Eleanor at his side. To Maximilian the marriage had advantages, as it kept Vladislaus from another potential bride who could bring a strong ally against the Hapsburgs, and given his eldest health, there was little chance of any living children to secure Bohemia’s independence in the long run. Moreover, his daughter being queen put her in the centre of the Bohemian court, and gave the emperor an ear to the comings and goings of his neighbours. Bohemia itself was a highly prestigious kingdom and a prince-elector for the Empire, allies that Maximilian keenly wished to keep. Thus, he offered Eleanor a imperial dowry, on the condition that Vladislaus swore to elect him as Emperor when that day came, which he did in 1493. Like Maximilian had predicted, no children ever came of the union and the queen had steadily laid the groundwork for her brother, whom had been proclaimed heir to Bohemia in 1512.

    Barbara Jageillion.jpg

    Eleanor von Hapsburg, Queen of Bohemia

    As for the Emperor’s youngest daughter, Hedwig of Austria had forsaken a match with the Elector Palatine to elope with her Báthory husband, an act that had shamed her family. Thus, Maximilian had decided to look for a prestigious match for his grandchildren, now consisting of Archduke Maximilian, his disabled twin Leopold, Frederick and their sisters Elizabeth and Margaret. Maximilian’s marriage to Infanta Eleanor was imminent, as her entourage had just reached the County of Tyrol. No doubt she would have been given luxurious chambers in the city of Innsbruck, where the imperial palace of the Hofburg awaited her.

    Innsbruck_-_painting_of_Albrecht_Dürer.jpg

    The city of Innsbruck in 1495

    The Prince-Bishop of Trent would be the first to greet her in as she passed into Trentino on her way to the empire. Bernardo Clesio served as chancellor to Maximilian in addition to being a Cardinal and diplomat, he was also a keen humanist with a great interest in botany. No doubt this experienced Italian bishop would have been a familiar presence to Eleanor, as he had been one of the negotiators in the marriage negotiations. Clesio and his entourage of imperial officials and Austrian lords and ladies would ensure that their future empress reached her husband in Vienna safely.

    Maximilian had also permitted his daughter and her family to return to court in order to celebrate the marriage and the Bathory family came in splendour. The marriage of Hedwig von Hapsburg and Stephen VII had been one of blesses contention for over a dozen years now and Erzsébet would become one of Eleanor’s ladies upon her wedding, as benefited her standing as an imperial grandchild and the daughter of a great magnate of Hungary. At the age of twelve she would finish her education under the watchful eye of Queen Anne. Her brother Istvan would also have a position in Archduke Maximilian’s household, but their younger siblings remained in Hungary, still to young to be sent away.

    Infanta Eleanor of Spain.jpg

    Infanta Eleanor of Spain in 1520

    The marriage of Maximilian and Eleanor turned out to be a splendid affair, with several days of feastings, jousts and celebrations. The archduke seemed to get along with his Spanish bride, even if she found her solemn at times. Eleanor seemed somewhat unsure of herself in this foreign court, but the company of Archduchess Elizabeth aided her as they shared similar personalities. Maximilian however were a very outgoing young man, with a fierce drive to excel and keenly intellectual and while he appreciated his placid wife, they had very different passions. Eleanor preferred reading, card games and the traditional occupation of religion, as she became a generous giver of charity in Vienna. Eleanor’s first pregnancy ended in a stillborn daughter in 1514 and it would not be the only loss the imperial family endured. Empress Hedwig passed away on a bitter cold day in February. On her deathbed, she and the emperor finally reconciled in the final days, having been estranged ever for nearly ten years. She also begged for the forgiveness of Queen Anne, as she had treated her harshly in the first years of her marriage and asked her to be a better mother to Eleanor then she had been herself to Anne. To her only son she left the simples of words: to uphold the empire against all enemies and to ensure it’s splendour. She also besieged her husband to ask the two daughters she had cast aside out of pride and anger to pray for her soul, “if their compassion for me is strong enough to forgive my arrogance.” She also asked that some of her priced possessions would be given to Elizabeth, Duchess of Lorraine.

    To her modern contemporaries the final days of Hedwig Jagiellon seemed to strip away the imperial haughtiness that she had been noted for and reveal a human woman, seeking to atone for her flaws. In her own time, she was noted as the very model of an Empress, and her death was greatly mourned in Austria and Hungary. If her tenderness as a mother was questioned at times, her tenure as empress never was. With the Jagiellon grandeur and the Hapsburg tenacity, the combined efforts of Maximilian and Hedwig laid the foundation for an even greater empire. Hedwig might not have brought the dowry of the Low Countries as Mary of Burgundy would have had, she remained the heiress to the Duchy of Burgundy, but her family connections proved to be vital for the conquest of Hungary in 1490, even more so, as she sided with Maximilian against her own brothers in the fight. Hedwig exposed the plans of Beatrice of Naples, a move that tilted the favour to the Hapsburg and she spent just as much time establishing imperial rule in Hungary as her husband. Her efforts to mediate between Austria and her own family was one of great success and partly the reason there was no more strife over Hungary after 1493. Like all of her family, she was greatly concerned at the threat of the Ottomans at the doorstep of the Empire and encouraged the match with Castile as she saw them as natural partners in driving them out. Her son Frederick was greatly motivated by his mother in that regard, even at the end of his life. Like her, he saw the Empire as the primary defender of Christian Europe from the eastern infidels and it would be him that landed the most devastating blow to the ottomans many years later.

    Hedwig, Holy Roman Empress.jpg

    Hedwig Jagiellon, Holy Roman Empress in 1500

    Hedwig might not have been the kindest or humblest of women, but she proved to be exactly the empress Maximilian needed during his reign and her legacy proved to be a sturdy foundation to stand on for the turbulent decades that were to come after her death.

    The mourning for Hedwig had barely been finished before another death reached the imperial court. The king of Bohemia had died, mere months after his sister. That left the Crown of Bohemia open to the Hapsburgs, especially King Frederick as designated heir, but he would not acquire the kingdom completely unchallenged, as his Jagiellon family also had designs on the realm.

    However, the Jagiellon did not occupy the same position of strength as they had during the 1490s. Of Frederick’s many uncles, only Sigismund remained alive. Vladislaus, John and Alexander had died childless, while Casimir and Frederick had turned to the religious life and died in 1484 and 1503 respectively. Moreover, his marriage to Barbara Zápolya had only been less then two years old and had yielded one infant son, Casimir so far. That worked in Frederick’s favour, as he had both an adult heir and a spare to secure the Bohemian succession. Not to mention the imperial allies of Lorraine, Brabant and Spain to come to his aid. The dowry of Eleanor came in handy now, as Frederick could afford a military campaign if necessary.

    No campaign turned out to be necessary however, as his sister Eleanor had spent over twenty years working on her family’s behalf in Bohemia. Sharp and astute, she carefully orchestrated a growing pro-Hapsburg faction from the castle of Prague, where she spent most of her married life. At Vladislaus death, many nobles, clerics and merchants desired Frederick as their king and the commoners shared their sentiment. While Sigismund was seen as many as a good option, the Austrians ultimately won out. The option of joining with Hungary again held a great appeal to many and the culture of the emperor’s court was almost the same as theirs. Bohemia had also been the seat of the empire many times over the centuries and the citizens of Prague wanted their city to become an imperial capital again, hoping for a second golden age like the one that had flourished under Charles IV in the 14th century.

    Sigismund’s baby heir did not help him much and in the late summer of 1514, the Bohemian Diet unanimously elected his nephew as king Frederick I of Bohemia. The coronation took place in spring of 1515 in the Saint Vitus cathedral and Frederick was crowned along with Anne in the most magnificent ceremony, attended by lords and ladies from all over the empire and delegates from other royal houses in Europe. The joint coronation was the first since the 1458 crowning of George of Poděbrady and his queen Joanna of Rožmitál.

    In attendance were also two lords from England, who had come far from their homeland. Not only to represent their king at this imperial, but to begin negotiations for a marriage between the Holy Roman Empire and England. Henry Parker, 10th Baron Morley and Thomas Darcy, 1st Baron Darcy of Temple Hurst had been entrusted with a mission of finding the new Princess of Wales in the empire and the eldest daughter of Frederick had just turned fourteen years old. While her sister Margaret was also a potential bride, she was still barely out of toddlerhood and thus not as interesting to the king. Both Frederick and Anne knew the secondary reason why the lords had arrived to the coronation and ensured they had a prominent place in the festivities. The young archduchess would be highly visible at the feasts for the foreign delegations, for those seeking a bride for their eligible heirs and the english took the bait. The queen showed a particular enthusiasm for the match, as her late mother, Margaret of York had been a sister to the english kings and aunt to the current one.

    The negotiations went on for nearly three months until both parties signed the agreement and Elizabeth of Austria was proclaimed as the Princess of Wales in the end of July in front of the court in Prague. Her departure from Vienna would take place once she had turned sixteen years old. With his oldest daughter’s future in place, Frederick turned his attention to his uncle’s court. As his second daughter was just a few years elder than his little cousin Casimir, it would be a good time to bind the Hapsburg and the Jagiellon families together again. And a few weeks later an imperial envoy left for Krakow to begin negotiations between the Empire and the Kingdom of Poland. Emperor Maximilian had approved of his son’s aim, as his health began to decline during the winter of 1515. Feeling his mortality, Maximilian began to put his affairs in order and drew up his testament wherein all of his dynastic possessions would be entrusted to his only son, the King of the Romans.

    As for the empire itself, the electors held the power to declare the new Emperor and while Frederick was the clearest successor to the imperial crown, other candidates could throw their hats in the rings.

    Death arrived for the Emperor in the Hofburg Palace in Vienna on a clear and cold day on the 23th of February. It would be nearly the same day of his empress’s passing two years earlier when Maximilian breathed his last as the winter sunlight filtered through the windows of his chamber. His death started the countdown to the imperial election of 1516 that drew the eyes of all kingdoms in Europe to the electors in charge of deciding who would wear the crown of Charlemagne.


    Author's Note: So we bid Maximilian I a fond farewell and enter a new Imperial Election. And the Jagiellons got a hail Mary with Barbara Zápolya surviving and having a little Casimir. And our new Princess of Wales is here! First imperial bride for England since Anne of Bohemia. Coincidentally she's also gonna wed a Richard Plantagenet. Make of that what you will.
     
    Chapter 40 - The low Countries from 1515 to 1517
  • Chapter 40 – The Low Countries from 1515 to 1517


    The years after 1515 had been peaceful ones for the Grand Duchy of Brabant. The Treaty of Graveline had settled the conflict between England and Boulogne, owning much to the diplomatic skills of Philip. The acquired territories included in Brabant had all fallen into line and his grip on Burgundy were secured. The peace was welcome to Philip, as he increasingly felt fatigued and relied more heavily on his son for support. Ever since the age of eight he had kept up a restless tempo and the consequences began to come calling. The wars in Frisia had also taken their toll on the duke and in the winter of 1515, he suffered a severe cold that left him bedridden for nearly two weeks. Duchess Philippa tended to him personally, leaving Countess Beatrijs in charge of the court once more. Two more children had been born to Beatrijs since 1510, Charles of Brabant and Beatrice of Brabant. Another pregnancy had ended in a miscarriage, but the succession of the grand duchy was secured. Scotland had become another ally as his niece had wedded James V and the peace between the all of the neighbours has lasted.

    The death of Emperor Maximilian marked the last endeavour undertaken by the Grand Duke. Determined to keep any other interloper of the imperial throne, Philip dispatched William de Croy, 1st count of Beaumont to the court of Vienna. Elections cost money and Philip had riches in plenty. He gave a generous offer to Frederick, king of Romans with a few conditions. The grand duke wanted the protection of the empire from all enemies of Brabant as the Duchy of Burgundy and the Palatinate of Burgundy laid by the empire’s boarder. Philip also hoped to further undercut the Hansa in Germany and perhaps to see one of his granddaughters becoming the bride of Archduke Frederick, the second son of the king. With as many crowns as his father had, Archduke Frederick would certainly inherit a realm of his own and even if he was not the future emperor, an imperial match would bring prestige. The negotiations between England and Brabant had fallen aside as King Richard had refused Marguerite of Brabant for his son in favour of Archduchess Elizabeth. But there were other realms to consider, such as Portugal and Spain. Right now, the Empire was on Philip’s mind.

    The election of 1516 only had one clear contender to the throne: The king of the Romans. Frederick was well known to the German princes as he had spent many years traveling in Germany, especially after his sister Hedwig eloped with her Báthory lord and shamed the Elector Palatine. One other contester could have been Philippe, the heir to the Grand Duchy of Brabant, but he had no interest of governing a realm like Germany when the splendidness of the Low Countries and Burgundy would be his soon, as his father’s health was faltering. The king of France could not mount a challenge and Richard IV had no interest in obtaining the crown as his affairs were in England.

    The election was decided by June in Frankfurth where the electors had gathered to make their decision. The outcome was clear from the start and the annunciation held no surprise:

    The election of the King of the Romans as Frederick IV rang from all the church bells in Germany on that sunny day in 1516. The emperor had a new ruler and the House of Hapsburg had triumphed once more. The Holy Roman Empire would face many challenges in the coming decades, as the threat of the Ottomans was not the only danger facing them. Internal tensions and a huge shift in the religious world would come soon and Frederick would have to rely on all of his resources to face the challenges.

    Giving his sister the crown of the Holy Roman Empress would be Philip’s last grand act. In 1516 Anne was the sibling with the greatest standing remaining. Their sister Isabella had been banished from the court of France and was forced to leave the splendor of the royal residences of the Valois kings by her own son and fled back to her father’s kingdom the year before. The death of her only daughter, Marie, had devastated her further as well as the loss of contact with her grandchildren and while her condition improved in the Low Countries, she still remained a figure cloaked in sorrow. John of Burgundy, Count of Saint Pol had been slain by his nephew when defending the Duchy in 1507. And the Grand Duke was increasingly ailing. By comparison, Anne enjoyed both health and strength and the full splendor of the imperial court. In her own way, the youngest child of Charles the Bold, Anne the Posthumous of Burgundy had reached the highest as Empress, and Queen of Bohemia and Hungary as well as Archduchess of Austria. No doubt her father would have been proud of his son in law in 1516 and even more in 1526, in which a stroke of victory would immortalize Frederick forever in christian Europe.


    In the last day of October of 1517, the bells rang for their Grand Duke for the last time. Philip died in the early morning in the Palace of Bruges. His last night was spent surrounded by his family, much to his joy during the few moments of wakefulness in the final hours. Philippa and Philippe sat by his bedside, keeping their husband and father company in the last days. To the citizens of the Low Countries the next days would be days of mourning and church bells would toll hourly from Amiens to Amsterdam.

    Almost fifty years has passed since the marriage between Charles the Bold to Margaret of York in 1468 in 1517. The Burgundian Netherlands had been troubled by lack of cohesion, strife between the cities and the dukes, hostilities from France and fears regarding the succession. The birth of Philip in 1469 turned out to be the salvation of all those fears. His reign had been a nearly uninterrupted peace for nearly forty years. A period of tranquility since 1480 in which the Low Countries had become a more cohesive realm. The lands had prospered, the trades network spread its tendrils all over Europe, humanism spread out around from the court, reaching merchants, religious communities and peasants. A strong network of marriages had been crafted from 1490 and onward, including England, Denmark, Lorraine, Brittany, Scotland and the Holy Roman Empire itself. The many allies had brought Brabant international prestige and advantages amongst the kings of Europe. And perhaps most importantly, the Duchy of Burgundy had been recovered from the grasp of France.

    The two marriages of both father and son had been of crucial importance to the Low Countries. The splendid wedding of Charles the Bold and Margaret had been known as the Marriage of the Century for its ostentatious grandeur being displayed to all attendants. The union of Philip and Philippa had been another one, a powerful display of internal healing from strife and wars. Even if certain naysayers had been negative about the lack of a dowry or foreign alliance that Philippa brought with her to the marriage.

    Philip would receive the epitaph of Philip the Unifier by historians and he is considered the Father of the Netherlands to this day, with his reign being seen as a golden age for the Low Countries.

    Philip of Burgundy’s son would go on to rule the Low Countries at the Grand Duke of Brabant and Duke of Burgundy. The day after Philip’s death the world changed forever, as a monk named Martin Luther nailed his 95 theses to the wall of the church in Wittenberg.

    The_marriage_at_cana1_wga.jpg

    The Marriage in Cana by David Gerard ca 1510. It was delivered as a gift for the Grand Duke and it is supposed to show several ducal members. The lady in red with a cloak is believed to be the countess Beatrijs, with Margaretha sitting between the saint and Katelijne in the cloth of gold dress with white and black fabric at the corner of the table. The young man sitting to the left is believed to be Philippe, Count of Namur and Philippa of Guelders in a white hood and black dress kneeling to the in the right corner in prayer. Philip of Burgundy is the man in the left corner in black and red. Antoine of Brabant is the small child behind his father and the young man in red clothes kneeling before Philippa is Jean of Brabant, their second son.


    Author's Note: Well, this chapter was always meant to haunt me. Our dear Grand Duke has exited the stage and the Low Countries has a new ruler. Poor Philippa. And here comes Martin Luther with a steel chair!
     
    Chapter 41 - England from 1517 to 1520
  • Chapter 41 – England from 1517 to 1520


    The new Princess of Wales arrived like a petrel from a storm to the shores of England in July of 1517. The voyage of the emperor’s eldest daughter had not been an easy one, traveling on land from Vienna until Aachen, where she had been warmly greeted by Charles II of Croy, who had been sent to aid her journey into the low countries until she reached the english channel. She entered the city of Bruges with great ceremony, as the duke and duchess wanted to impress the future queen of England, especially the duchess. After all the imperial bride would wed her nephew and Beatrijs was keen on improving the cold relationship between her natal and married country. She would also have meet Marguerite and Philippa of Brabant during her days at court and while the eldest sister was very friendly to Elizabeth, Philippa treated her coldly. As far as she was concerned the Austrian girl had taken the match with England that her grandfather had negotiated for her own hand.

    After a week of resting, the imperial party left Bruges to cross the english channel. Elizabeth of Austria had a very rough crossing and upon her arrival to Dover the frightened archduchess knelt down on the deck and loudly praised the Virgin for bringing her safely to land at last. Her entourage was meet by the Duke of Bedford, whom showed her and her companions to the comfortable refurbished Dover castle, where Elizabeth took to her chambers until the evening, when she dined with Bedford.

    Elizabeth of Austria meet Prince Richard a fortnight later at Leeds Castle, a royal residence owned by Queen Catherine. Originally Leeds had been brought by Eleanor of Castile in 1278 and it was favoured by both Beatrice of Portugal and Catherine of Aragon from 1486 and onwards. The beautiful castle, situated on a small lake, proved to be a romantic setting for the two young royals. Elizabeth was sixteen years old to Richard’s fourteen at the time, but Richard seemed infatuated by his bride nevertheless. Being the daughter of a reigning emperor seemed like the grandest thing to him and her German clothes and speech made her look more foreign and interesting to his eyes. Elizabeth’s gown was cut in a different way for the English, with an open fronted gown laced over her kirtle and the narrow sleeves decorated with ribbons in contrasting colors. In addition to her dowry of 200,000 guldiner, Elizabeth brought gold and silver objects from Bohemia and jewelry given from her mother. The many bohemian garnets belonging to her became an object of fascination for the court upon her arrival and many ladies began to imitate her with their jewelry.

    Leeds Castle.jpg

    Leeds Castle in Kent

    Their marriage was celebrated in great splendor, as benefiting an imperial bride. Elizabeth would keep many persons in her entourage, while others returned to Austria. Queen Catherine kept her new daughter in law besides her at court for the first months, to give her time to acclimate to the social fabric and get to know the courtiers and households around the king and queen. While some naysayers turned their nose up at Elizabeth, calling her a uncouth German, and wishing that the French princess Charlotte of Valois had married the prince of Wales instead, many others quickly grew to like her. As the Prince of Wales returned to his duties in Wales for the autumn, Elizabeth rooted herself in the court and carefully absorbed the queen’s lessons. She also met the ailing dowager queen Beatrice of Viseu, whom mostly lived in Coldharbour House when she was in London. Beatrice seemed happy for her grandson to be married to a daughter of a emperor, as she had despised that “that mere count’s daughter in Boulogne” even before Anne had broken her English wedding for the Count of Saint-Pol. The betrayal of the Duchess of Bedford, the wife of her son, Thomas, had enraged her and some rumors said that Beatrice had pressed for an invasion of Flanders in retribution. Its not very likely those rumors had any truth to them, as Beatrice had mostly stayed away from politics during her tenure as queen. The dowager queen died in June of 1519, much to the kingdom’s grief and the royal family. Her coffin would be taken to York cathedral with a royal progress, where she was laid to rest next to her husband, who had been buried in the north he so dearly loved. Her granddaughter, golden haired Helena of York would accompany the coffin along with her parents, whom had at last been blessed with a son, Richard of York, just over a year ago. The two children would be the only ones the Duke and Dutchess had and they were immensely cherished.

    Richard and Catherine also grieved for Beatrice, but life spun on in the York kingdom and with their eldest child married, they turned their attention towards their second. Elizabeth of York had been the darling daughter ever since her birth and her parents aspired to make her the greatest match in Christendom. While the king had considered Brabant, Portugal and the Empire, Catherine had only one marriage in mind: Spain. There were few grooms as prestigious as her grand-nephew, Juan of Spain. The only son of the Prince of Asturias, Viana and Girona, he would one day inherit the empire his grandparents reigned over, making him the most eligible for a royal marriage. Almost all knew of the queen’s determination for her daughter to become Juan’s bride and Catherine had educated her daughter well for the role. She had been taught Castilian and Aragonese and a limited Catalan, how to run a large royal household, dancing, reading, hunting and other appropriate skills. Catherine and Richard had embraced the humanist movements and taken scholars into their court, to educate the royal children. Among them was Erasmus of Rotterdam, John Colet, John Fisher and Sir Thomas More, the last man being an impressive figure who caught Richard’s eye in 1511. One more Thomas had entered the court in 1508, becoming the royal chaplain. Thomas Wolsey had benefited from Richard’s attentiveness for capable people from humbler beginnings, becoming an envoy for various diplomatic tasks as well as counselor to the king. He had become Bishop of Lincoln in 1519, a great accomplishment. There were many whispers that Wolsey desired more power, but King Richard held him on a stern leash and Wolsey did not have the nerve to defy his sovereign, whose wrath could be immense when roused. Wolsey did get into the good graces of the king by handling the arrangements for his mother’s many possessions after her death.

    1701721778821.png

    John Colet, humanist at the court of England

    England entered the year of 1520 in peace and prosperity, with cold and crisp winter days in January, followed by slush and rains for some days, that left the streets treacherously frozen in the mornings, covered by icy mud and black ice where one had to be careful to step. Thomas Wolsey found himself being called to court by the king on the 8th of February, curtsy of a rider bringing a summon. It was time to finalize the arrangements for the Princess Elizabeth’s betrothal to the Spanish infante and Wolsey would be a key person to lead the negotiations. The prince was only eleven years old and it would be three years before he was of marriageable age, while Elizabeth, being fifteen would wait until she turned eighteen to leave for Spain. The king also turned his attention to his second daughter, Beatrice of York, now ten years old. For her, either Denmark, or Brittany was a good option. Brabant would be even better, but Richard had not forgiven them for the embarrassment the English had suffered with the intended marriage to Boulogne in 1514 and thus decided to seek another match for Beatrice.

    The Prince of Wales had turned seventeen years old in 1520 and had since a couple of years ago started to govern Wales in his own right. The reports showed him being an intelligent, athletic and social young man, easily charming those around him with a smile and his wits. Something that certainly went home with the ladies. Even at this rather young age, he already had a mistress and a bastard, despite being married to Elizabeth of Austria. Sir John Blount was a servant to the royal household and had fought valiantly in Boulogne in 1514, and as result his eldest daughter, Elizabeth had entered the household of the Queen a year after and later become a maid of hon our to Elizabeth of Austria in 1517. To distinguish her from her mistress, Elizabeth went by the name Bessie, often called Merry Bess, for her energy and good cheer. By 1518 she had become the prince’s sweetheart, and the mother to his first daughter, baby Anne Fitzroy.

    As for his wife, Elizabeth bore her husband’s infidelity with patience. But her lack of children seemed to impact her more, as three years had passed since her marriage, but she had yet to conceive. Elizabeth regularly traveled with the queen to shrines of saints in the first years in England, most likely praying for a child, but so far, no divine intersession had come to her.


    In the middle of May came the most horrific news from Wales to the court. The old castle of Ludlow, where the prince was residing had become engulfed in a terrible fire during the night on the 14th, when an exhausted scullery maid had fallen asleep surrounded by large linens and fabrics and forgot to put out her lamp. The fire was devastating, spreading quickly through floor to floor, devouring everything in its path and causing the roof to cave in. Several members of the household perished in the flames or suffocated on the thick smoke in the corridors and stairs, while guards and servants sought to desperately put out the flames with water, sand and wet wool blankets. With the chaos of barking hounds, panicked horses and screaming people, that night would be remembered as terrifying to all living in Shropshire, as the fire and black smoke could be seen for miles over.

    Queen Catherine fainted as she heard the news. And the king’s first question, as many others, was of course: What about the Prince and Princess of Wales? Had anybody seen them? Did anyone know where his son was? Was the Prince of Wales dead?


    Author's Note: Sorry about the delays in posting, I had another writers block. Here is the imperial marriage we have been looking forward to! Bessie Blount is the sweetheart to the Prince and it's not looking good for either him or his Austrian bride right now.
     
    Last edited:
    Chapter 42 - Italy from 1500 to 1517
  • Chapter 42 – Italy from 1500 to 1517


    Renaissance Italy was not dominated by a single monarch, but several ruling houses and the Papacy whom occupied different regions in the peninsula. The Dutchy of Milan and the Kingdom of Naples was two of the most prominent ruling houses, one in the north and the south of Italy. Ferrante I of Naples had died in 1500 and was succeeded by his grandson, Ferrandino II, as his son and heir Alfonso had died in 1498, much to the relief of the people of Naples as Alfonso was considered a cruel and very loathed hated man. Ferrandino was considered a brilliant and virtuous man, much beloved by all. In 1494 he had married his aunt, Joanna of Naples, and they would have several three children together, the first being named Ferdinand for both his father and Joanna’s uncle, Ferdinand II of Aragon. Ferdinand was born in 1496 and his birth had been celebrated by all of Naples. Ferrandino sought friendly terms with the Crown of Aragon, but he also pursued alliances with the other kingdoms in Italy and the papacy. While the negotiations to wed little Ferdinand to Infante Eleanor of Spain had fallen apart as King Juan III of Castile had decided to marry her to the Imperial house of Hapsburg, he had found a suitable bride in another Infanta Eleanor, the oldest daughter of King Alfonso VI of Portugal and Isabella of Aragon, the sister of Juan. The marriage between Naples and Portugal was a highly prestigious one, as both realms had a vital interest in fighting the barbary pirates and wanted to connect with trade. Infanta Eleanor was rumoured to be one of the most beautiful women in Christendom and the rich dowry she would bring to her marriage would not be amiss in Naples either. Naples was also one of the richest and prosperous kingdoms in the Mediterranean, so the marriage was agreed upon and Eleanor arrived in Naples in splendour in 1511. The following year they welcomed a daughter, Ippolita Leonora, named for her grandmother and mother. A son, Alfonso arrived two years later to even bigger relief.

    Milan had seen the reign of Ludovico Sforza ending in 1508, as his last three years had been marked by despair and grief as his wife, Beatrice d’Este had died in 1505. Their oldest son, Ercole Francesco was twelve years old at his mother’s death and the next three years was marked by darkness and grief and Ercole grew up determined to bring back the full glory of Milan. To cement his rule over the duchy he wed his cousin, Ippolita Maria Sforza, the daughter of the late duke Gian Galeazzo Sforza and Isabella of Naples. Since his father had taken over Milan for his nephew, the marriage prevented any other claimants to Milan. It had been his mother’s dying wish to reconcile the families, no doubt feeling guilt in her final moments over the treatment Isabella and her children had received. The marriage was noted for its happiness as Ippolita was a clever and charming, while Ercole was a stern and charismatic ruler.

    Ippolita Maria.jpg

    Ippolita Maria Sforza, Duchess of Milan. This portrait was commissioned by Erole for his wife’s birthday in 1515. It was rather scandalous as it portraited the duchess in this revealing manner, but Ippolita loved it.

    Ippolita’s sister, Bona Sforza had wed Ferdinand of Naples, the count of Taranto and Andria. The two sisters had become very distant to each other and Bona never forgave Ippolita for wedding into the family that most likely had murdered their father as well as their sole brother, Francesco, whom had died at the age of twelve under mysterious circumstances. Her marriage to Ferdinand was rather cold and neither spouse got along well.

    This was the state of Italy in 1515 when King Juan III of Spain turned his attention to it once more to find a bride for his third son, Gaston. As he planned for Gaston to become the Viceroy of Sicily, a bride from the Italian houses would be highly beneficial to the Spanish infante. As Naples laid closest to Sicily, many noble families hoped that their daughters would be chosen. Queen Joanna and Princess Eleanor lead the charge in finding a bride and the second daughter of Frederick of Naples, the uncle of Ferrandino was picked as the best prospect for Gaston. Frederick had been a faithful lieutenant of his nephew until his death in 1507 and his son, wanted the prestige of his own family being wedded to the king of Spain’s children. Isabella of Taranto had grown up in the Naples court and had been extremely well educated, being raised together with Vittoria Colonna, Giovanna and Maria d’Aragona, both noblewomen in the court of Naples. Isabella was rumoured to be one of the most beautiful women in Italy, with fair skin, and golden hair.

    Isabella of Taranto.jpg

    Isabella of Taranto, Infanta of Spain and lady of Sicily

    However, if Frederick wanted that marriage, he was going to have to pay for it. Juan demanded a proper dowry for Isabella before the match went through. Frederick was hard pressed to finance the wedding costs as well, and for a while it seemed like the marriage might never happen. But Queen Joanna stepped in and persuaded Ferrandino to help with the dowry and in 1517 the marriage took place in the cathedral of Syracuse. King Juan and Queen Catherine attended the wedding festivities in Sicily, the first and only time they set foot on the island. After a month of celebrations, tours and meetings, the monarchs left Sicily to return to Spain. Juan left Gaston with quite a bit of leeway in governing the island, and it showed that despite the infante’s age of mere seventeen, the king had full faith in his third son. Gaston was perhaps the best administrator of Juan’s son and while Sicily had deep problems that needed heavy untangling, their new Viceroy was a wellspring of ambition, energy and pragmatism.

    Infante Gaston 1526.jpg

    Infante Gaston of Spain, Viceroy of Sicily in 1526

    King Juan maintained a robust network with the Italian realms, as did many renaissance kings. Not only Naples was favoured, but also Milan, Venice and Florence, cities rich in art and culture. And thriving industries. Something that Castile and Aragon badly needed. Juan’s first years as king had given incentives for the manufacturing guilds in Northen Spain regarding the wool trades by encouraging the creation of domestic fabrics instead and lifting the regulations that strangled the industry. The peasants of Castile had also gotten a break from being overtaxed since 1504 and it had continued for nearly ten years now. The metal-based industry in Toledo also flourished, creating swords and armour that had a reputation of being the best in Europe.
    Juan was keen on attracting talents from Italy to Spain and many engineers, bankers, craftsmen and painters had found a steady patronage by the king. Domestic humanists like Antonio de Nebrija had been part of his parents’ court and he remained loyal towards their son, even being protected from the inquisition by the king when they believed him too critical in certain ways. Pablo da San Leocadio was also a favourite, as well as Alonso González de Berruguete. In 1515 Juan tried to entice the Venetian painter Tiziano Vercelli in coming to Spain, but was unsuccessful. Despite that the painter often took the king’s commissions during his lifetime. One of the painter Raphael’s works also found their way into the Spanish court before the artist death.

    Catherine of Navarre.jpg

    Portrait of Queen Catherine of Spain in 1510. Her dress shows of the Spanish blackwork that was famous in those days. The hare represented her fertility according to art historians.

    With the marriage of his youngest son settled, Juan turned his attention to his grandson and another bride. Infante Juan was now eight years old and his bride would not be Italian, as other kingdoms became a priority.



    Author's Note: So here is the Italian chapter at last. God grief, this took me a while to finish, as I considered doing a whole sweep of the penninsula, but I decided to keep it to Naples and Milan. And I love these portraits so much and they fit exactly in how I wanted. The last one, with the lady and the hare fit my Catherine of Navarre so damn perfect.
     
    Chapter 43 - Burgundy from 1520 to 1523
  • Chapter 43 – Burgundy from 1520 to 1523


    The man tied to the stake only had a few moments left to live.

    The morning of the 18th of January in 1520 started on a high note for the citizens of Breda in the duchy of Brabant. Large piles of wet snow had been cleared from the square outside of the town hall and the gathering crowd had trampled the rest to a greyish slush. Opportunistic vendors had set up stalls selling warm mulled cider, spiced hot wine, slices of appeltaerten and candied quinces to the women, men and children who had come to watch a man be burned on the pyre.

    The landdrost Maarten van Soelen held the order to carry out the sentence in his hand. But he still waited for the Grand Duke to show up. Fortunately, the clopping of horse hooves and the retinue of armed guards told Maarten that his ever-diligent liege was precisely on time.

    Three years had passed since his father’s death and Philippe had proven to be a ruler very much in the mould of the late duke and his great-grandfather, Philip the Good. The merry duke could easily charm all who meet him and enjoyed pageantry, feasts and jousting as many rulers did in this time. However, underneath the jovial façade laid a razor-sharp intellect and a ruthless and cunning ruler. That was the side the unfortunate man tied to the stake now would find out. He rode up to Maarten, who was standing on an erected platform near the pyre. After a short discussion Philippe nodded at Maarten, who stepped forth to read the verdict.

    “For your crimes of murder and robbery, the estates of Brabant have rendered a sentence of death upon thee, and it shall now be carried out without mercy.”

    After Maarten finished speaking, he nodded to a guard who held a burning torch to light the pyre. It took a few minutes before the damp wood caught on fire, but soon greyish smoke started to billow from the pyre and the screams of the man chained to the stake turned into agonising coughing and wretched vails. The chatter of the townsfolk increased, with parents putting their children on their shoulders or hanging out of opened windowsills from the buildings around the square.

    Philippe patterned the neck of his white gelding, as the snow began to fall. He rode towards the crowd clustered around the fire, stopping close enough that he could feel the heat of the leaping flames on his face.

    “Let this be a warning to the people who dares to commit the foulest of crimes, they shall suffer the harshest of punishments.” Philip boomed. “We will not tolerate murderers or bandits to rob honest christian people of their lives and safety!

    The man on the pyre had gone quiet now. The fire burned high and steady, and the falling snowflakes made a hissing sound when evaporating upon contact. A little while later the crowd began to disperse. Windows closed shut, wives went about their errands around the city, the shops started making their woollen cloth. Children played safely in the streets of Brabant, and with the winter snow still there, shouts of joy soon filled the air along with snowballs flying in flurry streaks of glistening snow.

    The fire on the pyre died down after a couple of hours, leaving a piled of charred bones and smouldering embers behind. The remains were gathered by a young monk who had hired a couple of labourers to assist him. A small wooden crate had been acquired and would be buried in a pauper’s field outside of the city with a wooden cross to mark it. It was an inglorious end for the infamous robber baron Hans Thomas von Absberg who for many years had terrorised and kidnapped merchants and magistrates around Germany and made the fatal mistake of straying inside the border of the Low Countries the previous autumn.

    Thomas von Absberg.jpg

    Hans Thomas of Absberg, robber baron who won the ultimate prize of the "F**k around and find out competition of 1520


    The Grand Duchy of Brabant entered the year of 1520 with peace and prosperity. There had been several years of good harvests, over three decades of internal tranquility and trade flowed smoothly in the cities. The Ducal family itself thrived, with Philippe and Beatrijs at Duke and Duchess at the helm. Marguerite and Philippa, the eldest daughters would leave for their marriages soon and the heir, Jean was now eleven years old and the two youngest, Charles and Beatrice rounded out the family.

    The ducal court saw the arrival of a new ambassador in 1517. Thomas Boleyn came from England, on order of King Richard IV to maintain the rather chilly relationship with the Low Countries. His youngest daughter Anne entered the court as a lady in waiting to the Dutchess, as the Burgundian court often set the tone for the other renaissance kingdoms and it was an excellent finishing school for young ladies. Anne herself was only one year younger then Philippa, and they soon became good friends. Her eldest sister, Mary Boleyn also became part of the court life, albeit in another way. Mary, being flirtatious and beautiful soon caught the eye of Philippe, and in 1520 she had been one of his favourite mistresses for nearly two years. Beatrijs decided to turn a blind eye to her husband’s licentiousness and Philippe took care to keep his affairs on the side to not overshadow his wife. The relationship between Duke and Dutchess was perhaps not one of immense passion, but remained a loving and respectful one.
    Beatrijs herself enjoyed great status as duchess of Brabant and Burgundy, keeping an independent court and was active in many patronages, such as the religious community of the Brethren of the Common Life and the funds provided by her would be used to educate, amongst others, Cornelius Jansen who would become the first bishop of Ghent in 1560. Jansen would be an important figure in the counter-reformation after attending the Council of Trent that started in 1545. Jansen came to be a councilor and envoy during the reign of her son, Jean.

    The troublesome relationship between Brabant and England was a constant source of concern for her and she did mediate between her independent husband and proud brother as much as she could, even if things did not always fall her way. In 1520 she decided to make a stronger effort. The Burning of Ludlow Castle as it would be called, in spring of that year had shocked the royal family. Elizabeth of Austria, the Princess of Wales had died in the fire. Prince Richard had been away from the castle during the night, enjoying a night ride with his mistress, Bessie Blount and had raced back as the fire had been seen for miles. The charred remains of Elizabeth had been found near the stairs on the upper floors near her chambers. Two of her ladies had seemingly refused to leave their mistress and their bodies laid next to her. The princess’s corpse had been recognized by the melted gold coating her hands and neck and the shattered garnets laying around her, evidence of the princess trying to save some of her riches and jewels from Bohemia from devastation.

    Prince Richard had been devastated by the fire and made immense efforts to aid in putting the fire out. He also took care that the survivors were taken care of and sent letters to families as what to happen. The first messenger left the day after to the King, to let his father know that he survived, but that Elizabeth had perished. During the weeks that followed, he resided in Stokesay Castle, the fortified manor as a honored guest of the Vernon family, landed gentry in Shropshire. In the beginning of summer, Richard left for Winchester Castle. It would be several years before he returned to Wales. The death of Elizabeth also saw the end of his relationship with Bessie, as the guilt-ridden prince blamed his absence for that fateful night. Despite her attempts to console him, Bessie was sent home with a pouch of gold coins and one of the prince’s rings on her fingers. As for their daughter, he promised her that Anne Fitzroy would be provided for as well.


    Beatrijs saw the death of the Hapsburg Princess as an opportunity to renew the alliance between England and Brabant with one of her own daughters, for the now widowed prince, as he needed a new wife. It was Marguerite, now nearly sixteen years old that her mother intended to become the new Princess of Wales and she did approach the subject with her husband. Philippe was somewhat reluctant to ally again with England, as the disaster with Anne of Boulogne had left the relationship very cold. Philippe also sought to wed Jean to Jeanne of France, the daughter of Charles IX and Isabella of Portugal. The death of Isabella of Burgundy, the aunt of Philippe also slowed negotiations down. The former dowager queen of France had been brutally cast aside by her son after he had been freed from captivity by the late duke, his own uncle after the failed invasion of the Low Countries in 1506. Her death left Anne of Burgundy, the Holy Roman Empress and Queen of Hungary and Bohemia as the only child of Charles the Bold and Margaret of York alive, as their brothers had died in 1507 and 1517. Scarred by the death of her brother John at the hands of her own son, the death of her beloved husband at the hands of her half-sister Mary’s son, and the ostracization following 1510, Isabella had lived in seclusion since 1515. Her brother and nephew had showed her great considerations, but few things seemed to delight her in the last years. It had been her dying wish for Burgundy and France to see peace again and she wished to see her granddaughter Jeanne as the next duchess. Beatrijs opposed this, wishing for her english nieces Beatrice or Katherine to become the wife of her son. Philippe also considered other matches for Jean, such as the Spanish infanta Ana or Ippolita Leanora, the daughter of the king of Naples.

    Thomas Boleyn was put to the work of starting negotiations between Brabant and England for a potential marriage between Prince Richard and Marguerite, with Beatrijs strong support. Queen Catherine of England supported the match, especially as another contender for her son’s hand was Charlotte of France, the firstborn daughter of Charles IX and Jeanne’s eldest sister. Catherine did not want her future daughter in law to be French and strongly urged her husband to consider Marguerite instead. Marguerite herself wished to become queen of England according to the ambassadors, but some speculated that it was more her mother’s desire. Despite the passion of Beatrijs and Catherine, their husband proved to not be as moved by the match and after over a year, the negotiations would be abandoned. Richard was too proud to ally with a duchy he felt had wronged England and Philippe refused to wed his eldest to someone who he felt had insulted him. Marguerite was heartbroken by this, but she would wed the next year to the dutchy of Savoy, as the Princess of Piedmont had died.

    Cecily of York had proved to be a disastrous match for Philippe Adriano. The english princess had found Savoy too foreign and rustic for her taste and had looked down on the match as she had considered it far to low for her, something that had caused the duchess Juana to sharply rebuke her words. The proud Castilian infanta had herself married Philibert, and despite several people commenting that it had not been high enough for a daughter of Ferdinand and Isabel, Juana herself had no regrets. Philibert had been a devoted husband for over twenty years, but Cecily had stepped on Juana’s nerves since her arrival. The lack of children had also caused further strife, as six stillbirths and miscarriages had been the only result of Cecily’s marriage so far. Furthermore, Cecily’s temper had grown worse after every and she had hurled abuse at her husband and attendants. Her lack of dignity and scoffing at the courtiers of Savoy had not helped matters either and the snobbishness she had shown the Savoyards made them loathe her. Juana wrote in a letter to her brother, Juan III of Castile that “if she was not been my son’s bride, I would have her locked up in her rooms for the rest of her life, so that she can rage at the walls for no one to hear. I do not know what will happen to this duchy if she lives to take my place”. In 1521, Cecily died suddenly in the castle of Chambéry, of unknown causes. Some rumors said that she had collapsed due to her constant rages, others that she had been poisoned by her attendants or slain on her husband’s order. The likelier cause of Cecily’s death was heart failure caused by her constant pregnancies since 1513 and her high blood pressure. It’s likely that Cecily suffered from depression and later pregnancy psychosis, something that was poorly understood by that time. Neither Juana or Philibert mourned her death much and Philippe Adriano seemed relived to be freed from his troublesome wife. His second marriage to Marguerite of Brabant became a very happy one, as she was the very opposite of Cecily and more culturally familiar to Savoy. Marguerite quickly became Juana’s dear daughter and soothed the Duchess's strained nerves. Philibert quickly approved of her, especially as he saw the calming effect she had on his wife and son and the court itself. Marguerite’s sorrow over being rejected by the king of England soon disappeared after her arrival in Chambéry and she cemented that good fortune by bearing a healthy and strong son before the year was out to great relief in the ducal court.

    Francoise of Berry.jpg

    Marguerite of Brabant, Princess of Piedmont in 1524

    The relationship between the Grand Duchy of Brabant and England remained cold, not helped by Marguerite supplanting Cecily either. In 1521, Prince Richard was betrothed to Charlotte of France and she arrived in England in the winter of 1522. Queen Catherine was graciously welcoming to her, despite some misgivings about the French princess. Charlotte proved to be a charming young woman, and easily drew her husband out of his gloom from Elizabeth’s death.

    Beatrijs was deeply disappointed by her daughter’s rejection and viewed it as a failure on her brother’s pride. As Marguerite’s marriage was finalized, she turned to her second daughter, Philippa of Brabant and her future. She wished for a higher match and looked towards the Iberian kingdoms, that had heirs that needed brides. Both the grandson of Juan III and the son of the Crown Prince of Portugal was near Philippa’s age and either one would be a splendid marriage for her. Beatrjis was well aware that the Infante Juan of Spain was the most eligible young prince in Christendom, and would one day inherit all the kingdoms of his grandfather. His mother was also Yolande of Lorraine, the daughter of Mary of Burgundy, so they shared an ancestor in Charles the Bold. The king of Spain was considering brides from England, the Empire or Naples, but he had also taken notice of the Burgundians. Infante Juan was three years younger than Philippa, but since he was the sole son of the Prince of Asturias, a few years of difference in age did not bother anyone. And Juan seemed determined to have his namesake grandson wedded and bedded as soon as he turned fourteen, as the Princess of Asturias seemed extremely unlikely to have more children and because his eldest granddaughter, Infanta Isabel was to wed the Dauphin of France in 1522. Should Juan die before having children, the Valois could claim the throne of Spain and that would be a nightmare for the Trastamaras. Infante Juan needed a bride from a country that would contest a french claim, and Burgundy was considered, but the Spanish were not completely sure that the Grand Duke was a alliance strong enough for that. England was at the moment the prime contender and the eldest daughter of Richard IV seemed to be the preferred bride. Elizabeth of York had turned sixteen and she had been well prepared for a Spanish marriage by her Castilian mother. Catherine of Aragon had been determined for her eldest daughter to become Queen of Spain one day and had educated her for the role for a decade. Elizabeth was a renowned beauty, with long dark hair and bright blue eyes. She spoke near flawless Castilian, Aragonese, some Catalan, latin, french and some Portuguese and had learned the history and culture of the Iberian kingdoms, the mythos and glories and the intermingled ancestries of the Trastamaras and Plantagenet's since the ancient days of Eleanor and Alfonso VIII and the more recent match of Catherine of Lancaster and Henry III. Elizabeth had continually impressed the Spanish ambassadors who had sent glowing rapports back to the king and she had sworn to her father that she would either wed Juan or enter a nunnery. No other marriage was to be for her. Richard was in agreement with his wife, as a Spanish match would be incredible prestigious for the Yorks. The death of Elizabeth of Austria had halted the negotiations and the French marriage for Prince Richard had caused some problems, but in 1522 the negotiations continued. King Juan could hardly blame England for wedding with the Valois as he did the same with his granddaughter in the same year. In 1523 two Iberian weddings would be finalized, Elizabeth of York to Infante Juan and Philippa of Brabant to Infante Alfonso of Portugal.

    Both Infantes was born in 1509, and both were grandsons of King Juan. Alfonso was the only surviving son of Isabella of Granada, his eldest daughter. Despite her happy match to Crown Prince Joao since 1507, only two children of Isabella had lived past the age of three, Alfonso and a daughter, Maria, aged seven. Both children were frail and King Alfonso VI and Queen Isabella of Aragon wanted their grandson to be married as soon as possible. Portugal and Burgundy had long ties and since both kingdoms had prospered by trades, a marriage between two strong naval realms was a good one. Thus, Philippa would leave for Lisbon in 1523 to instead become the future queen of Portugal, rather than of England or Spain. And Queen of Portugal she would indeed become, even if it would be in another way then it was planned when she departed, but none knew that future at that moment.

    Anne of France, Princess of Portugal.jpg

    Philippa of Brabant, Crown Princess of Portugal in 1525


    Author's Note: So here we have a new chapter! The start of this chapter with the burning was taken straight from the last chapter of my old Burgundian tl, if it sounds familiar. We have really come full circle now! Prince Richard survived the fire, but his wife did not. England, Spain and Portugal and France had new princesses. Princesses on parade! And rip Isabella and Cecily I guess. I just find it hilarious that Juana of Castile wanted to lock her unstable daughter in law up due to her being a disaster. Right now it's just a lot of marriages, but we're gonna get into more meatier stuff later, I'm just crap at writing those.
     
    Last edited:
    Chapter 44 - Spain from 1518 to 1523
  • Chapter 44 – Spain from 1518 to 1523


    The year of 1518 saw a double wedding in Castile. One of the two grooms would be the eldest son of Infante Ferdinand the Elder, the Infante Santiago. The other would-be Gaston of Foix, Viscount of Narbonne, the two men being eighteen and twenty-nine respectively. The brides for Santiago and Gaston were of high prestige, both being great heiresses for Castile and Aragon. Santiago would marry Elvia Fernández de Córdoba, the only child of Gonzalo Fernández de Córdoba, the late and great general of Castile. Gaston’s bride was Juana Folch de Cardona, the daughter and heiress of the Duke of Cardona. After Isabel’s death, El Grand Capitan had served Juan as faithfully as he had done his mother and taken care to educate all the Infantes in warfare. He had been close friend to Ferdinand the Elder and Juan gave his blessing for the union between Santiago and Elvia after both fathers urged the match. Both matches came with substantial land and titles for the grooms, and it elevated them both into the peerage of Spain. Plus being married into the circle of the royal family gave the brides great standing and privileges.

    Ferdinand the Elder beamed with pride as the couples exchanged wows to each other in the chapel and his plump and cheerful wife Carlota dotted her handkerchief at her eyes from time to time. Juan and Catherine attended the marriage, as a show of support for their nephew and dear friend. Their only daughter, thirteen-year-old Infanta Blanche and their second son, Infante Alano stood beside their parents. Unlike his delighted uncle, Ferdinand the Younger seethed while the ceremony proceeded. He had hoped for one of the brides for his eldest son, Infante Inigo, but given that the boy was seven years younger, King Juan had vetoed the idea as both matches had been arranged already. He assured his son that he would find his grandson a good match in due time, but with another bride.
    In 1518 Ferdinand the Younger had three living children, Infante Inigo, Infanta Catalina and Infanta Maria by his Mendoza wife. His sister-in-law, Maria Pacheco was one of Princess Yolande’s chief ladies and her husband, Juan López de Padilla served in the prince’s household. His other siblings in law also reached high positions in Castile, leaving Ferdinand with good connections amongest the aristocrats. But his relationship with his brother had turned rather cold and Ferdinand the Younger came to loathe Ferdinand the Elder even more. Worse was to come a few years later.

    Unlike his nephew, Ferdinand the Elder was more dependent on his brother the king for his maintenance. While the Dukedom of Cádiz was a prestigious title, it did not come with any lands or much income for the holder. Ferdinand II of Aragon had bestowed the Duchy of Villahermosa on his second son before his death, giving him a steadier income and lands, but that had not been until 1513. The marriage for Santiago provided him with land and titles, ensuring that the king’s nephew would not be impoverished and also rewarded the immense devotion Ferdinand the Elder had given the king for many years. Ferdinand the Younger on the other hands held several titles as both Duke of Granada and Duke of Arjona. He also had two titles granted by his mother, Duke of Penafiel and Count of Ribargoza, plus the title of Grand Master of the Order of Santiago, all that gave him increased income and prestige. By comparison, his uncle was far poorer and dependent on the king for income. Ferdinand the Elder had been unfortunate in being born twelve years after his brother, but four years before his eldest nephew arrived. While Ferdinand and Isabel would never neglect their second son, his value dropped sharply as Catherine had given birth to both an heir and a spare before he had reached the age of seven. And while Charlotte d’Albret had been a loving bride for him, she came with no lands or royal titles for her husband. Ferdinand’s marriage had been first and foremost arranged to protect and defend the Navarrese border and the Foix lands that Catherine of Navarre inherited in 1486, and the alliance with the Albret house had come to a crashing end in 1510, when Alain meet his end at the executioner’s sword in Blois that summer.

    Hence the marriage for Ferdinand’s son, providing him with titles and estates for his upkeep.

    Regarding the marriage of Juana to Gaston of Foix, that match had been arranged by the Prince of Asturias. Given that Juana would inherit the Catalan lands of her father, the Viscount of Narbonne was a most proper match, as it would give the future king of Navarre another ally in the region. Plus, as The Thunderbolt of Spain, Gaston was the closest friend of the prince and a highly sought out bachelor, given his victories in against France in 1510. The Foix family also had a high standing in the court of Spain, as Catherine of Navarre had brought them in with her marriage. Gaston’s sister Germaine, was one of Princess Yolande’s chief ladies in waiting and had married Alfonso de Aragón y Portugal, the Duke of Segorbe, a relative of Ferdinand II of Aragon in 1508. Both Foix siblings had french blood, their uncle was the late Louis II, Duke of Orléans. Louis had died in 1515 in disgrace, due to his role in the chaos that enveloped France from 1507 to 1510 and since he was stuck with his sterile wife Joan of Valois, the Orléans lineage was extinguished in the male line, just as Louis XI had intended several decades earlier. As the only male descendant to Louis, Gaston could technically make a claim the Duchy of Orléans, but Charles IX declared the duchy forfeited to the Crown of France and Gaston did not contest it. Thus, his marriage to Juana was organised in order to bring him another title and lands for the Foix family. Gaston’s close relationship to the prince was another bone of contention for Ferdinand the Younger, as he felt himself be supplanted in his brother’s circle. According to court historians however, the two brothers had never been very close and Juan been raised with Gaston since 1490 when he was four and Gaston one. Ever since then they had been practically inseparable.



    In the winter of 1519, the peripatetic court of Juan and Catherine arrived in Valencia to take up residence in Del Real Palace for the next five months. Juan’s main reason for the longer stay was to oversee the Catalan lands of Aragon and to inspect the naval ship yards in the kingdoms. The king had ordered several navy yards built in both Castile and Aragon, to combat the growing threat at sea from pirates and the ottomans. The cities of Valencia, Seville, Barcelona, Cartagena, Cádiz and Santander saw an increase in ship production, leading to them becoming more prosperous. Juan also ordered additional fortifications to strengthen the ports in case of attack. The Balearic Islands in Aragon had suffered several raids since 1512 and Juan was determined to one day chase the ottomans away from his realms. The ottoman naval commander Hayreddin Barbarossa was proving an especially challenging headache for the king, and all knew that it would eventually come to a clash between them.

    Back in 1490, Juan had been instrumental in persuading his parents to set aside large tracks of lands where oak trees and other trees used for shipbuilding would be planted to become a reserve of lumber for the future. From 1515 the first mature trees had grown and resulted in several ships and more would come as more trees was planted to replace the cut down ones. He had also brought ships from Brabant, Portugal and the Italian realms over the years and had used the alliance with the Hapsburgs to import large amounts of lumber for very cheap prices. The result of these efforts had given Spain a rather robust and mixed navy to ward of enemies and explore the overseas lands in the new world. The income of silver and gold and other exotic commodities also added considerable amounts to the Spanish treasury and Juan spent considerable amounts to make his three kingdoms more efficient, amongst others to build practical roads winding between the big cities and ports, making it easier for the industries to flourish and for business to thrive.

    From 1419 to 1521 the Spanish navy fought a series of campaigns against Barbarossa, with mixed results. Attacks on the Balearic Islands ended, but neither side managed to get the upper hand on each other. A more intense fight would come later, but at the end of 1521 Juan was distracted by another matter. The Princess of Asturias fell ill in the beginning of winter in Arevalo, where she died three weeks later, just before the Christmas celebrations. The whole court immediately plunged into mourning, replacing the wealth of colors in the royal wardrobe with black fabrics. A black paintbrush had been drawn over the greens, scarlet, purples and blues of gowns, skirts, tunics and jackets that had brightened the court.

    The death of Yolande of Lorraine presented a problem for both king and prince, as her only son was the twelve-year-old Infante Juan. Despite Yolande being only thirty-six at her death, her last pregnancy had taken place in 1514, near her thirtieth year. Their eldest daughter was due to wed the dauphin in the next year and if something should happen to Juan, Spain risked being submerged into France. Prince Juan had another daughter, Infanta Ana, but she was only seven years old at her mother’s death and her claim to the throne would be weaker than her eldest sister. Prince Juan needed a new wife that could produce a spare to the throne, but it would take some effort to find one. Many royal daughters were already spoken for, and others had too low status for Juan. Given that their children would not likely inherit the throne, as Infante Juan was his father’s heir, that made several rulers reluctant to send their princesses to Spain. It would be Ferdinand the Elder who solved his brother’s dilemma in February. Rather than to spend months haggling with foreign diplomats over marriage negotiations, he proposed the marriage between Prince Juan and his daughter, Infanta Blanche of Cádiz. Blanche had now turned seventeen years old and Juan had intended for her to wed into Italy, but he had some difficulty in finding a proper groom. Blanche was indeed of royal and noble blood from both her father and mother and was accustomed to the comings and goings of court, and could take over Yolande’s role with ease. Plus, she was very loved by many in court and of perfect age to wed Prince Juan. She had been considered for Infante Juan at times, but the King had been firm on a foreign match for him. This arrangement saved the headache of negotiating with Italian rulers and spared the treasury the expenses of a dowry, plus there was no doubting the loyalty of Ferdinand the Elder. A marriage to Blanche suited the king fine and it was agreed upon in the beginning of summer. Out of respect for the late Yolande, the actual marriage took place in the late autumn of 1522.

    One person who was not happy about the match was Ferdinand the Younger. According to the courtiers his intentions had been for his eldest daughter, Infanta Catalina to wed her uncle, but both Juans had rejected that idea as the girl was merely eleven years old while Blanche was seventeen. No doubt the relationship between the brothers played an important part, but all Ferdinand saw was himself being sidelined in his father’s affections in favour of his uncle and brother once more. The court historian Peter Martyr d’Anghiera noted in his writings that “the prince had an immense row with his royal father after the marriage had been agreed upon” before Ferdinand withdrew to his estates, leaving the court for well over a year.

    Portrait.jpg

    Princess Blanche of Cádiz, Queen of Navarre in 1533

    The death of her daughter in law seemed to affect Catherine of Navarre, as she had relied upon the Princess to shoulder royal burdens and the queen seemed to fall into a gloom that lasted for over a year. In the summer of 1522, the royal court returned to Granada and Juan had planned a surprise to lighten his wife’s mood. Earlier in the year traders from Asia had arrived in the port city of Seville with wares from the orient, one of them being strange seeds from Persia. The flower that grew from the seeds was a lovely scarlet one, with a spicy sent of cloves and nutmegs. An enterprising merchant had managed to get an audience with the king in the spring and so Juan had ordered plenty of seeds planted in the gardens of the Alhambra palace complex and when he and Catherine arrived in Granada all flowers had just blossomed. Juan insisted that his wife accompany him to the gardens after their arrival, to show off the surprise he had planned for her. Catherine was awed of the sight in front of her: rows of strange scarlet flowers gleaming between the glistering pools of water and the shining white marble in the courtyards. The orchards hung heavy with lemons, pomegranates and oranges and the myrtles were all in bloom in that summer. To Catherine, this show of love for her would life her mood and her health began to improve. The queen would spend several moonlit nights in the Alhambra, enjoying the clean air, with the stunning backgrounds of the snow capped mountain peaks of Sierra Nevada illuminated by the milky moon ahead.

    Most of Catherine’s sleepless nights was spent in reflections.

    It has been forty-two years since she had arrived in Castile, as a fourteen-year-old bride from Navarre, to be educated as the future Queen. Juan had been only a blushing boy of ten at that time, more a playmate then a husband for the first years. Her grandmother had arranged the match over her mother’s intense objections. Her grandmother and mother were mostly faint memories at this time, as both had died several decades ago. Magdalena of Valois had wept bitter tears in the days leading up to her departure. Catherine remembers the feelings of confusion at that, why would she weep when she would become one of the grandest queens in Christendom? Looking back, her mother must have feared for Navarre’s independence and the life of her only son if her daughter married the son of Isabel and Ferdinand.

    As for Francis Phoebus, Catherine could no longer remember her brother’s face. That was a great source of shame to her, as they had grown up close together. Sometimes she thought she could recall a happy boy with golden hair and bright eyes, but the face belonged to her own boy, Infante Alfonso, dead for seventeen years. Her brother’s death had come mere months after the birth of Prince Juan in 1486 and for a time Catherine had believed it had been an accident or illness that had claimed his life, but after a while the reality of the situation became clear. Her new kingdom had since long been caught in a tug of war between the Navarrese kings and the Crown of Aragon and the inevitable had finally happened. Perhaps it had been unavoidable since the moment Francis Phoebus had contemplated marrying Juana La Beltraneja, or perhaps it would have happened regardless as soon as she had given Juan a son. She had been unable to look at King Ferdinand for a long while after that and their stay in Olite after had given her time to clear her head. Taking up the reigns of Navarre had done her and Juan good, allowing them to step out of the shadow of Isabel and Ferdinand. She could let go some of the strict formality imposed by Isabel and breathe more freely. A bone of contention had been her refusal to establish the Inquisition in Navarre, but Juan taken her side against his parents and Navarre still remained free from their clutches.

    The discord of her family troubled her more at the moment. Ferdinand’s quarrel with Juan, the inability of her two eldest sons to get along, the death of Yolande and the failing health of Maria de Mendoza, duchess of Granada. Her own daughter, Isabella had lost yet another child, leaving young Alfonso and little Maria as her only children alive. On top of all of this, her darling granddaughter Isabel would leave for France in mere weeks. The only good news was from Austria, where her daughter Leonor had given birth to her fifth child in the spring. Two babies had been lost in the cradle, but little Hedwig, Charles and Catherine remained alive and thrived in the imperial nursery. In Sicily the marriage of Gaston and Isabella of Taranto had resulted in two sons so far, Giuvanni and Federico, much to Catherine’s happiness. And in the next spring, Elizabeth of York would arrive to wed Infante Juan. Hopefully everything would heal by then.

    “Give me strength to hold my family together. Give me strength to hold everything fast in these trying times. Juan will need me to hold the fort while the enemies gather outside of the borders.”

    And with that prayer whispered out loud to the clear sky of Granada, Catherine went inside to find her husband. The page seated outside his chamber was dozing lightly in his chair, but upon her gentle clearing of her throat he jumped to his feet, apologies rushing out for being tardy on the job. The boy opened the door for her, announcing her to Juan and she entered the room. Like her, he was completely awake. His desk was littered in letters, royal orders and maps, and ink stained his fingertips.

    “Can you not sleep either, my love?” Catherine asked, feeling a warm tenderness spreading inside her.

    “These rapports comes from Malaga, evidently the barbarians have been harassing sailors outside the coast again. We must put the hammer down on these pirates, or else their destruction will continue to increase.”

    The lines in his face were more prominent nowadays and the thick, gleaming brown hair had more grey strands than a few years ago, but otherwise he remained unchanged to her eyes. His posture as straight as ever and the broad lines of his shoulders remained as stable as ever, as Catherine ran her hands over them.

    The Queen of Castile did not know what the future would hold, what the marriages of her grandchildren would result in or what her own legacy would be. But one thing she knew with absolute certainty. Tired or not, discord or not, she loved Juan with all her heart and she would not let him go until the Lord himself took her to his side.

    The court left Granada in on the tenth of July to travel towards Navarre, a long journey that would take them straight across the heartland in Castile and Léon. Sending Isabella on a ship towards the port city of Séte or Maguelonne in France might have been taken less time, but Juan was not overly inclined to accommodate the Valois at the moment and a royal tour of the most important cities in Castile would be good for several reasons: both to reinforce royal authority and to ensure that the kingdom would be prepared to beat the drums of war against the Ottomans. Juan had grown to manhood during the Reconquista of his parents against the last Emirate in Spain and now it was time for another one against the infidels plaguing the waters of the Mediterranean. The royal court progressed across Jaén, Toledo, Segovia, Valladolid, Palencia and finally to Léon. Along with Isabel they made a visit to Galicia and Santiago de Compostela, the famous pilgrimage in Spain. They stayed there for another week before departing for Oviedo, the last big city before they entered Navarre for a final stop in Pamplona. The court rested for three weeks before Isabel began her arduous journey across the Pyrenees with her large entourage.

    Upon crossing the border, the welcoming committee from France consisted of the Duke of Bourbon and Jean of Montmorency, the heir to the Baron Montmorency. They meet Isabel in Bordeaux and escorted their new dauphine to the court in Blois, where the king and dauphin awaited her.
    Juan and Catherine would both miss their darling Isabel, but they remained in Navarre until the end of autumn, moving towards Aragon for a progress that would take them to Sos, Zaragoza, Calatayud, Tarragona, Gerona, and Roussillon for the remainder of the year before they returned to Castile in February of 1523.

    In May, two news delighted the court. Elizabeth of York departed England in the beginning of the month to sail to Asturias as soon as the winds of Biscay allowed her. And Blanche, Princess of Asturias announced her first pregnancy. Everything seemed to go smoothly for the Trastamara family so far, as all at this time knew, the Wheel of Fortune never stopped turning in its track and no one, high or low was spared its capriciousness.



    Author's Note: So in Spain another few years passes. I always felt like Catherine of Navarre is one of those historical characters that gets criminally underutilized in this forum. It's always her daughters that gets discussed about, but few people make her the main character. I myself are guilty of this in my old burgundian tl, where I married her to the duke of Burgundy, gave her three children and then killed her off to that he could replace her a random infanta. So this is my way to make up for that treatment. I can't imagine that being the daughter in law of Ferdinand and Isabella can be easy, with all the prophetic intensity that was on Juan otl, he being born as their firstborn child can't be any easier. And now that Castile/Aragon is going on the warpath against the moors, I imagine that she will need all the strength she can muster as Juan will be busy as a war commander. And she has a new daughter in law. Poor Yolande. But soon little Juan will meet his english bride!
     
    Chapter 45 - France from 1520 to 1523
  • Chapter 45 – France from 1520 to 1523


    The death of his mother did not faze Charles IX of France much. Isabella of Burgundy had been dead to him for several years and the final bond had broken upon her flight back to Brabant in 1515. It was the same year that his queen, Isabelle of Portugal had retreated to Vincennes, only making brief appearances in court since then. Charles had leaned heavily on his aunt, Anne de Beaujue ever since his return to France in 1510 for ensuring that the government functioned as properly as it should. Since his relationship with Isabelle had pretty much died and they most likely never shared a bed after Jean’s birth in 1514, Charles had become closer to his mistress, Marie Gaudin, whom had entered the court in 1513. She was the wife of a trusted courtier, Philibert Babou. Babou evidently did not mind the relationship, as the king graciously founded his cryptography studies in return and he even became mayor of Tours.

    Anne de Beaujue passed away in 1522, exhausted by her efforts of holding France together for many years. She died shortly after the arrival of Isabel of Castile in the autumn, mere ten days after the marriage between her and Louis had taken place in the cathedral of Orléans. The city had been chosen for the symbolism, as the Maid herself had turned the fortunes of France against England in Orléans. The Orléans land was also now in the hands of the crown, as the Duke of Orléans had died without heirs, just as the Spider King himself had planned. Many prayers in France were said for the newlyweds, as they hoped this Isabel would be more of a success in the long run for France. Isabella of Burgundy had been a brilliant match on paper: she brought the Duchy of Burgundy and the counties of Charolais and Macon as a dowry, but the legality of that had been contested and Louis had lost a huge number of soldiers and money for Isabella’s hand. His death had left turmoil that had caused a huge coalition of dukes to defeat France in the Mad War of 1488 and the Valois had suffered a huge humiliation as a result. While Isabella had born a dauphin, it had been her only son and her sole daughter had died in Scotland, leaving a measly infant girl behind. That had all but destroyed the Auld Alliance and the new king had wedded into Brabant instead. More disasters had come; the failed invasion of the Low Countries and the three years of calamity that nearly destroyed France, ending in the Rape of Toulouse. Charles return to France had been hailed by his subjects, but it soon became apparent that the king was a shadow of his past self and the court had become a sombre and dour place.

    “The flowers of the court have wilted and the golden sunshine does not shine through the windows of Paris anymore.” A quote from a courtier in 1520.

    Anne de Beaujue been to busy with helping her nephew in government to brighten the court and Isabelle’s absence did not help matters. When Isabel arrived, she found her first tasks immediately awaiting her. Putting the court back together and making the Valois dynasty shimmer once more. Fortunately, Isabel had been well equipped for the undertaking and began to work. She took over the raising of Jeanne and Jean from Anne and began to gather the younger courtiers around her, making staffing changes and improvising the rooms the royal family resided in. She quickly established friendships with several noblewomen, including Francoise of Alencon, the Duchess of Angouleme and Isabeau of Brittany, Lady of Albret. Both ladies had children that would be part of Isabel’s entourage for a very long while. Francois had married Francois in 1515, a year after his return to France from Spanish captivity. The heiress Francoise had brought with her the lands and titles of her brother, whom had died without heirs in 1517. The severe injuries he had received in battle against Ferdinand the Elder, Duke of Cádiz had left him crippled and sterile and he died after a short marriage to Louise de Montmorency.

    Yolande of Lorraine.jpg

    Isabel of Castile, Dauphine of France in 1525

    Another friend was the sister of François, Duke of Angouleme, Marguerite. The intellectual lady was a very prominent figure in the court, as she had married the eldest son of Lady Albret, Jean d’Albret the Younger. Isabel relied on her friendship quite heavily in the first years as her network of courtiers had many benefits. The literary saloons Marguerite held frequently included the dauphine as she encountered many interesting persons whom would later enter the court of her and Louis.

    Two young figures of notice would be the Bourbon siblings. The children of the late Suzanne of Bourbon and her husband, Charles III, Duke of Bourbon, Anne and Peter, named for their grandparents. Anne was eleven years old upon Isabel’s marriage and Peter was nine. But children had been sent to court to finish their education under their grandmother’s supervision, but Anne had died just as they arrived and Isabel took both children under her wings. In the future Peter would become a notoriously wily schemer during Louis’s reign, ultimately leading to tragic results. Anne took after their grandmother, becoming one of the most notorious women in France and one of the grandest beauties of her time.

    The death of the Duke of Orléans, the Vendome male line being extinguished and the forfeited Albret lands that Jean had been forced to hand over after his father’s execution had given the crown large lands back, and further strengthened them, something Louis would benefit enormous from.

    The Dauphin and dauphine fell in love very quickly, and Louis is believed to have said about his new wife that "Nature never formed anything more beautiful.". Isabel for her part considered him “a Prince as perfect as he could be and gallant as any knight of the stories” and they spent as much time together as they possibly could after their marriage. The younger nobility and courtiers began to flock to the couple many saw as the future of France and the commoners cheered for them when they went out riding. Isabel enjoyed being charitable and her efforts made the citizens love her even more. As a royal bride, her pedigree could not have been better. Her great-grandmother had been a Valois princess, her paternal grandparents and great grandparents’ sovereigns of Spain, while her mother’s side boasted of the Dukes of Lorraine and Anjou and the Dukes of Burgundy. Her extended family reigned in Portugal, while her aunt was married to the King of the Romans and her great aunts Queen of England and Duchess of Savoy. A more well connected and prestigious bride could not be found for France and Isabel used her familiar bonds to re-establish the diplomatic networks that had been lost in the past years.

    The first task became in helping her sister-in-law to prepare for her journey to England, as Charlotte of Valois would wed the Prince of Wales in the winter of 1522. Isabel oversaw the gathering of the dowry and trousseau, meanwhile writing to her great-aunt Queen Catherine that did not delight in getting a French daughter in law. Isabel made sure to arrange some gifts from Spain for Charlotte to give Catherine when she arrived in England to win her over. Isabel and Louis escorted her to Caen in December, to see the ships that would carry her across the channel to England and they remained there until they knew she had arrived safely in Eastbourne. Her original destination had been Southampton, but the ever-turbulent channel had blown her ships further away.

    With Charlotte gone from France, Isabel turned her attention to Jeanne and Jean, seeking matches for them both. Jeanne became betrothed to the Grand Duke of Brabant’s son, John of Burgundy in 1523, with the marriage to take place in 1527 when she had turned fifteen. The treaty that accompanied the match would ensure peace between the Kingdom of France and the Grand Duchy, as the relationship had been very rocky for several decades. Jean became a sought-after groom when he became titled as the new Duke of Orléans and Isabel began to carefully comb through the kingdom and their allies for a proper match for him.

    Jean, Duke of Orléans.jpg

    Jean of Valois, Duke of Orléans in 1530

    The year of 1523 began in France with the birth of Isabel’s first child, a daughter named Anne, in honour of Anne de Beaujue whom the Valois dynasty owned so much. She would be the first child of Isabel’s rather large brood and she would herself make a very splendid match as guided by her indomitable mother. While a son would have been preferred, Isabel and Louis adored their daughter and the baby seemed to cheer up Charles IX, something few things did nowadays.

    A year after Isabel’s arrival, a court historian wrote:

    “The flowers of France had begun to grow again thanks to the effort of this most August Dauphin and Dauphine had shown and the light of His Glory shone once more as the Virgin had indeed blessed the future of this once mighty realm.”


    Author's Note: We return to France after the mess of 1510 and things do seem to look up for the kingdom for a change. Aegon III Charles IX is not doing to well, but his son and daughter in law are improving things. And Francis of Angoulême has found a rich wife and Marguerite had married as well. Now let's see how Charlotte of France fares as Princess of Wales.
     
    Last edited:
    Chapter 46 - Portugal in 1523
  • Chapter 46 – Portugal in 1523


    Philippa of Brabant’s first marriage lasted for less than two months. The fleet of Dutch ships left Bruges in February of 1523 with her and a ducal entourage onboard to set their sails towards Lisbon. King Alfonso VI and Grand Duke Philippe had agreed on a marriage between their families and Philippa was to wed the young heir to the Avis House, the frail Infante Alfonso, now fifteen years old. The marriage was to take place as soon as Philippa had landed in Lisbon and many hoped that a marriage would help his constitution or at the very least that he would father an heir before he passed away. The king and Queen were both nearly fifty years old now and Isabella of Aragon had been very tired recently, mostly because her niece, Isabella of Granada had suffered many miscarriages and several babies had been lost in infancy during her tenure as Crown Princess. So many hoped for a heir born to Alfonso as soon as possible to further the linage.

    Alfonso and Isabella had been far more fortunate with their own children. Crown Prince Joao had been born in 1491 and he had two younger brothers, Peter, Duke of Coimbra in 1500 and Ferdinand, Duke of Guarda born in 1504 and a sister, Eleanor, Queen of Naples born in 1495. Only little Infanta Isabella had died. Should Alfonso die without a living sibling, then Peter would be the next crown prince, unless Isabella managed to produce a living son. Ferdinand had become engaged to Guiomar Coutinho, a rich heiress to the counties of Marialva and Loulé in Portugal. Peter had so far refused to marry, despite being considered for both Infanta Blanche of Cádiz and Infanta Catalina of Granada, his Spanish cousins by Ferdinand the Elder and the Younger.

    Philippa’s ships did not arrive as intended in Lisbon two weeks later, as the stormy Bay of Biscay blew the fleet to Galicia, where they had to seek shelter from the harsh winter winds. It would take another ten days before they were ready to sail towards Lisbon, while Philippa and her entourage received the hospitality of the mayor of Santiago del Compostela in Galicia. Philippa sent a quick messenger riding to King Alfonso letting him know that she had arrived in the Iberian peninsula, but there would still be a way to go before she would arrive in Lisbon. On the 5th of March the ships anchored in the port of Lisbon, having arrived in the evening, and as darkness fell, Philippa stepped foot on land, as hundreds of candles, lamps and torches lit the city and harbour up. The city itself had been scourged clean and decorated in preparation for her arrivals and Alfonso taken full advantage of the richest coming in from the east to make Lisbon one of the grandest cities of Christendom. Philippa had no doubt been raised on the glamorous reception her grandmother had been given in 1468 when she arrived in Burgundy and several members of her entourage remarked upon the rich tapestries hung along the walls of the buildings, the costly fabrics of the merchants and nobility and the expensive gifts she received upon arrival. Engraved objects inlaid with abalone, rubies and sapphires from the orient, figures carved in ivory and other valuable gifts was given to Philippa, and even if she had grown up in one of the richest kingdoms in Europe, she was amazed by their rarities.

    One thing from Portugal she would not be impressed by: her groom itself. Philippa would meet Infante Alfonso by the next day and while the ceremonies of the court was remarkable, he was decidedly not. Spindly, blond and short, Alfonso suffered from several health problems and a stutter that distorted his words. That left some problems with communicating as Philippa had not been well versed in Portuguese yet and Alfonso lacked in French, one of the languages spoken in the Brabant court. As a sickly child he had been coddled by his grandmother for most of his life and was not allowed to partake in the more robust activities of young nobles at this time, such as hunting, playing tennis and jousting. Philippa found her future spouse to be a saddening sight, as she would most likely have to play the nursemaid to a ailing child, rather than a active marriage and wrote back to her mother that she would most likely have a livelier life as a bride of Christ then the one that awaited her. In spite of her feelings, Philippa was nothing less than the consummated lady and gracefully bowing to Alfonso, all while proclaiming that this meeting had been the grandest of her life and that she would do all within her power to be worthy of a prince of Portugal. Alfonso for his part seemed delighted by the tall and robust Philippa and seemed to be aware that she had noted his lack of vitality, but still commanded her for her grace and gentleness. Philippa dined in private with King Alfonso and Queen Isabella and later with Joao and Isabella during that day. Privately she noticed that Isabella of Aragon seemed pale and tired and that the grey-haired Alfonso rarely took his eyes of his beloved wife. Joao seemed like a man in the same mould as his brother Peter, tall and strong, with a restless energy, while Isabella appeared to be fatigued as she had suffered yet another stillbirth just over a month ago and that the Crown princess was “tall and thin, despite her many pregnancies”. Both pairs found Philippa as an excellent bride for Portugal and that her learning and quick wit would help her well in the future.

    The marriage itself took place the day afterwards, in the heavily packed cathedral in Lisbon where the archbishop Martinho da Costa officiated and proclaimed them as bride and groom. Thus, Philippa of Brabant became Infanta Filipa of the Royal houses of Avis and Valois-Burgundy. The two newly weds would be put to bed later that evening after a long day of masses, festivities and feasts. The frail Alfonso seemed unable to consummate the wedding that night and Philippa spent several hours seated by the window of her the chamber, taking in the dancing in the chilly streets that went on below and the glistering lights of the bobbing torches and lanterns that illuminated the city at night. For the next day, the king had ordered a joust, where the dukes of Coimbra and Guarda participated amongst others, as the King and Queen watched their sons and other nobles go round and round against each other. The winner of the joust was the Duke of Coimbra and Philippa had been given the honour of giving him the price for the victory.

    Philippa settled in for the next few weeks of her marriage in Lisbon, as she met with courtiers, got introduced to important bishops and aided the two Isabellas in their frequent charitable giving in and around Lisbon, touring the many monasteries and churches in the region. Her relationship with Alfonso was a less successful one, as they had few things in common; music and reading was the sole interest they shared. Philippa herself had no patience for being still and quiet, she loved hunting, riding and dancing, all things Alfonso had no interests in. Their marital endeavours were not going to well either, as his health problems continued to get in the way.

    It would be on the 23rd of April, during morning mass that Alfonso finally collapsed as the chaplain was speaking. Philippa’s shout brought everyone to their feet and Prince Joao quickly ran to his son’s side, calling for his servants to send for the doctors immediately. Philippa was left to fend for herself as the Prince and Princess disappeared with her husband, while half the room had been emptied and the other half gathered near her to harangue her with questions about what had happened with Alfonso. It would be Peter who ordered the lords and ladies to scatter and escorted her out for fresh air after a while, so that the overwhelmed Infanta could recover. The next days was spent in constant anxiety for the whole court, as they waited if Alfonso would recover and Philippa was running on little sleep, as she looked after Queen Isabella, whom had collapsed due to the shock and little Infanta Maria, bewildered as to what had happened with her brother. It was not until three days later that Philippa was summoned to her husband’s bedside and at that point there was nothing to do but to say farewell to him. Alfonso died on the 26th in the afternoon, surrounded by family and his fateful dog that refused to leave his side.

    The weeks after passed as a blur for Philippa, she had been sent into seclusion to see if she was carrying an heir to Portugal and to gather the royal council to discuss the matters regarding the succession. As of right now, the next in line after Prince Joao would technically be his daughter, Maria, now seven years old. But as the infanta was as frail as her brother, many feared that she would not live long enough to become queen and if she married, Portugal might face a succession crisis as the other claimant was the Duke of Coimbra. As an adult man of twenty-three, he was a much better option for becoming the next heir according to many. Princess Isabella refused to hear that argument, causing discord in the royal family. And then the question as what to do with Philippa herself. Peter was still unmarried and one suggestion was that he take Maria to become his wife to unite the claims, while some proposed that Peter wed the widowed Philippa instead of sending her and the dowry back to Brabant. As the weeks passed, it became clear that no child would come from the marriage and Philippa returned to court, much marked by a sober blackness. Philippa took matters into her own hand and swore before the council that she and Alfonso had not consummated the marriage; thus, she remained a virgin. If Philippa was lying or not about the state of her virginity is unknown, but she had already become fond of Peter and most likely viewed him as a better option for a husband than to be sent home and married off to someone else.

    Princess Isabella’s last pregnancy had been before Alfonso’s marriage and as hard as she tried for a long while, she never conceived again. Isabella was devastated by it, while Joao was had mixed feelings. While the throne might pass to his brother instead, seeing his wife suffer through yet another stillbirth would break his heart and thus he declared that his heir would be Peter as long as he married Maria. Philippa showed anger at that proclamation, as she felt herself become completely useless in Portugal and retreated to a manor home the king had graciously given her during her stay. Plans were made for her to return to the Low Countries later, but fate interceded once more. Infanta Maria took ill in the late summer, as plague swept into Portugal and both King Alfonso and Maria became the victims of it. Maria died on the 8th of August and Alfonso on the 22nd, much to the kingdom’s grief. Princess Isabella also became ill, but she recovered for the most part. The successive death of her grandchildren and beloved husband became too much for the Queen to bear and Isabella of Aragon passed away in grief on in the first days of September, leaving the court draped in black for over a year.

    Joao, now king of Portugal saw the writing on the wall and designated the duke of Coimbra as his heir. In December of 1523 Philippa of Brabant saw her second wedding of that year, as bride to the now crown prince Peter of Portugal and that marriage would last far longer than her first one had done, much to her and Peter’s joy, even amidst the sorrows that had racked the court for several months.

    King Ferdinand I of Spain.jpg

    King Joao III of Portugal in 1524


    Author's Note: A year's adventure in Portugal and poor Philippa did not have the easiest of first marriages. And a farewell to Alfonso and Isabella of Aragon, united in death together.
     
    Last edited:
    Chapter 47 - England from 1523 to 1526
  • Chapter 47- England from 1523 to 1526


    The whole court was bustling about to prepare the departure of Elizabeth of York to Spain in that spring. The marriage of Charlotte of France to Prince Richard had taken place in the past winter and while Catherine still had reservations about the Valois princess, she must admit that the girl had given her no reason for dislike so far. Charlotte was a kind and gracious woman with an immaculate sense of fashion that quickly had brightened the gloomy court after the death of Elizabeth of Austria. Even Richard had begun to laugh again and Catherine could not think ill of anybody that made her son happy. Elizabeth had not been the only death in the York family in the recent years, as the Duke of York had passed in 1521, leaving his son Thomas under his mother’s guardianship until he would come of age. Lionel of York had asked to escort Elizabeth to Spain as he wished to aid his royal cousin in the coming fight against the Ottomans. His intention was also to take holy wows as a member of the Knights Hospitaller in the service of Spain. Richard had reluctantly approved of the decision, but Lionel had been the most warlike of Richard III’s sons and had inherited both his father’s bellicoseness and the crusading legacy of his Portuguese mother. Privately, Catherine had approved of the decision. Richard III and IV had not lacked sons and sons required lands and titles. Her sisters in laws also required dowries for their marriages and England was not as rich as France or Spain, despite successful trades and efficient taxations. Lionel could do better in the service of the Lord against the infidels and her brother needed every bit of support she could arrange.

    Her second son, George of York was due to wed his own bride in 1523, and Catherine had her hands full with both the departure of Elizabeth and the preparation for the wedding. Elizabeth Grey, Viscountess Lisle had been raised in Catherine’s household since she was small and since John of York had showed no interest in her whatsoever, George had been chosen for a groom instead. Elizabeth would bring her wealth and inheritance with her into the marriage and seemed thrilled to become a royal duchess. Catherine had already decided that her last child would wed Katherine Willoughby, the daughter of her dear friend Maria de Salinas and heiress to her father’s land and titles. The Duke of Somerset would do well with the darling little Kate as she was called by Catherine and little Ned deserved a good life as well.

    Charlotte had delighted the whole court by announcing her first pregnancy in May and both king and queen had given praise to God for the great luck. Princess Elizabeth left from Southampton on the 9th of April to set sail for Castile. Her mother had carefully packed the trousseau in the chests that had been loaded into the ships along with her coffers of coins, silver and gold plate and jewellery that would show of her status as a princess of England and Spain. The dowry itself had troubled King Richard, as he had not been able to gather the 350, 000 crowns that Juan had asked for, but so far 120,000 had been gathered and Juan had been gracious enough to wait for the rest. The most important thing was that Infante Juan would be married as soon as possible now that he was days away from turning fourteen. Princess Blanche had so far born a daughter to Prince Juan, Infanta Yolanda of Navarre, but she had yet to deliver the spare to the throne. And since the king was preparing for an oncoming war against the Ottomans, Juan wished for to see his grandson wedded in case he or the prince face danger in the coming years. Richard had been able to send three warships loaded with guns and weapons to Spain with his daughter in lieu of a part of the dowry to aid in the effort against the Turks. He also sent his brother Lionel and 1,200 archers along with her to show that even if England itself would not fight the Ottomans, they would support the cause itself.

    Elizabeth, Duchess of Gloucester .jpg

    Sketch of Elizabeth, Duchess of Glouchester

    George and Elizabeth married in the middle of June in Canterbury cathedral in a splendid ceremony, attended by the royal family. King Richard threw a fine feast to welcome his new daughter, as well as a joust in her honour. Elizabeth was given the seat of honour as the glittering bride while Charlotte and Catherine sat nearby. The winner of the joust was of course the fortunate groom himself whom gladly accepted the garland of golden and white roses from his delighted new wife.
    Princess Beatrice and Lady Helena found the tournament as exciting as any thirteen-year-old girls would. As her proud sister had left England, Beatrice was the eldest York daughter in court now and she too had gotten proposals from foreign suitors. The heirs to Denmark and Brittany were all of interest and while England had a chilly relationship with the Grand Duchy of Brabant, their next duchess being Beatrice rather than Jeanne of France would suit Richard more. The youngest York princess also needed a match, but she would have to wait. As for the golden-haired Lady Helena, she would most likely wed a grand nobleman, but right now she spent much of her time with Beatrice at court.

    Unbeknownst to Beatrice, the ambassador from Denmark had been invited by King Richard so that he could inspect the prospective Crown Princess for the House of Oldenburg. King Christian had suffered enormous troubles with his Swedish subjects and it had been due to the strength of his wife, Margareta of Burgundy that he had not yet lost his throne to his uncle. Her nephew had supported her with men and arms from the grand duchy, and the queen had inherited the political skills of her father. But given the bloodbath that Christian had caused in Stockholm, the crown of Sweden had been lost. And Prince Hans needed a bride that could bring military support to his father, and Beatrice fit the bill perfectly.

    800px-Tizian_071.jpg

    Thomas of York, Duke of Bedford in 1530

    Richard IV only had one brother still in England in the summer of 1523. As Edmund had died and Lionel had left for Spain, Thomas of York became closer to his brother than they had been in the past years. The failure in Boulogne of 1514 had haunted the Duke of Bedford for a long time and the betrayal of his wife, Marguerite of Saint-Pol that had led to his imprisonment and later annulment had become a huge scandal. Bedford had lived quietly on his estates in Oxford since then and he had refused to remarry for many years. In 1521 he had made on of his rare public appearances in York at Edmund’s funeral and since then he had come to court more often. In 1524 Bedford asked for the King’s permission to remarry, this time to Katherine FitzAlan, the daughter of the Earl of Arundel and his first wife Elizabeth Willoughby. Katherine had just turned eighteen and had grown up in court. Richard was on very good term with Arundel as the Lord Maltravers as he was styled, served as Lord Chamberlain in the court. Katherine seemed to be able to charm her sombre duke and the marriage took place in the autumn. As Katherine only had younger brother from her father’s second marriage, this could lead to Bedford gaining the Arundel and Maltravers lands and titles.


    September saw the return of the Boleyn family to England from the Low Countries. As the negotiations for a match between Beatrice and Jean had been a failure, Thomas, Elizabeth and their daughter, Anne all arrived back at the family estate of the Hever in Edenbridge. The eldest child, Mary had been the mistress of Grand Duke Philippe for several years, but she had opted to wed a courtier in the Low Countries rather than to return to England after the relationship ended. Anne quickly became a favorite lady in waiting to Princess Charlotte, whom found her delightfully sophisticated. Anne had grown up in the fashionable and educated court culture in Burgundy and Brussels under the tutelage of Philippa of Guelders and Beatrice of York and her skills at singing, dancing found a home in the lively court of the Princess of Wales. Anne was extremely fashionable, vivacious and lively, and helped Charlotte gather several likeminded young ladies and courtiers around her. The more austere king and queen held wide respect and the court had become a center of humanism and education, but like many youngsters the new generation considered them somewhat old-fashioned. Anne never showed Queen Catherine anything but the deepest respect and the courtiers all followed her lead. She also considered her a true role model regarding marriage and charity and Catherine came to view Anne with great tenderness. Anne had been considered as a bride for James Butler, 9th Earl of Ormond as to solve the troubles regarding the Ormond inheritance between James’s father and Anne’s father. Anne on the other hand had fallen in love with the Earl of Northumberland’s son, Henry Percy. And the young man frequently visited court, often to see Anne.

    Anne was present when Princess Charlotte gave birth to her first child on the 3rd of December. She was delivered of a son early in the morning, much to the joy of the court. The little boy, was named for his father and grandfather and was christened by the bishop of Oxford, while Anne was given the honour of carrying him during the ceremony. Queen Catherine visited a few weeks later and stayed for several days to see her grandbaby. It was during those days that Anne was able to get an audience with the queen and to plead her case for a marriage with her beloved Henry Percy. Queen Catherine took her request seriously and promised to speak on her behalf to the king when she returned.

    After Charlotte’s churching, both she and Richard returned to London as they had been called to court. Evidently both the earl of Northumberland, Thomas Boleyn and James Butler had been called to meet with the king and Anne held high hopes for her future.

    “I will be his wife! My beloved Henry, I shall be his most fortunate lady and one of the highest ranked women in the kingdom.”. With the flutters of love in her belly, Anne entered the great hall of Westminster where the king and queen sat enthroned under a great canopy of red velvet and gold embroidery. She spotted Henry standing in the hall near a window and while the smile he gave her seemed strained, Anne chalked it up excitement and took her place behind Charlotte as usual. Beatrice and Helena were also present, standing near the raised dais, the king’s daughter clad in violet silk and cloth of gold, while Helena wore azure blue and cloth of silver. The colours suited them both, as purple warmed Beatrice’s darker complexion and pale skin, while Helena’s golden hair shone in the sunlight.

    The king rose from his throne and began to speak.

    “My lords and ladies, we have gathered here today to celebrate the most marvellous news for our kingdom and for our family! I am pleased to announce to you all that today we have signed an alliance with the most christian kingdom of Denmark and our dear daughter, the lady Beatrice is to wed the Crown Prince of Denmark before the year is out!”

    As the hall filled with applauses and cheers, Beatrice glided over to her father’s side at his beckoning and dropped into a perfect courtesy worthy of a royal princess.

    “Your majesty, I am grateful for the grand match I have been given and I pray that I shall be as great a queen as my Lady Mother has been for this blessed realm.”

    She was then introduced to the Danish ambassador, whom bowed his hand before his new princess and proclaimed her a “a worthy daughter of the highest king and queen and the grandest gift Denmark would ever receive.”.

    One of the ambassador’s attendants stepped forward and held out an ornate box for Beatrice, and as she opened it, she found a miniature painting of Prince Hans inside, as well as a necklace of silver and pearls from Denmark.

    After the ceremony had ended and Beatrice took her place besides her mother, Richard rose once more.

    “This happy match is not the only one today we have the pleasure of announcing. We also declare that our dear niece Helena will also marry before the year is out! In according with our later brother of York’s wishes we have considered nothing less then the most proper match for her as a great lady of royal blood. It is our most sincere wish to announce the marriage between Helena and her most fortunate bridegroom, Lord Henry Percy of Northumberland!”

    For Anne, the last words of the king made the whole world crash away. Time seemed to move still as Helena’s blue clad figure moved over the white and black tiled floor in a whisper of silk, while Henry moved to the front of the dais to stand besides her. He offered his hand to her and brought her hand up to his lip to kiss it, as any well-trained courtier would. All Anne could see at the moment was the glistering blue of the gown and the lustre of honey-gold hair. Queen Catherine tried to catch Anne’s eyes in the cheering crowds, but the usually consummated court lady had fled the hall to curl up in an empty corner in a corridor. Charlotte had turned white with rage at the announcement. As soon as her position would allow her, she had turned on her heel and stalked out of hall, with her ladies all making haste to keep up with her.

    “That Spanish cow! This was all her fault; it must have been! How dare she destroy Anne’s dreams like that! I shall never forgive her for this offence against her and myself. When I am queen, I shall see her thrown in the Tower and erase her name from England! No one shall ever remember you as a Queen of England when my Richard takes the throne, madam, they shall only remember you as a traitorous whore and a plague on his kingdom. Pox rot your heart!”

    The honest truth was that Catherine had nothing to do with the marriage between Helena and Henry Percy. She had earnestly pleaded the case to her husband, and Richard had initially been inclined to the match, but he had changed his mind after speaking to both Butler and Northumberland. The indebted, but proud Earl did not see the mere daughter of a knight and a failed ambassador as a worthy bride for his heir, not while he had another option in Helena, the only daughter of the very rich Duke of York. Also being the only niece of the king meant that Helena was the best choice outside of wedding one of the princesses for his son. When the king had proposed the match, Northumberland could not believe his good fortune and dropped to his knees before his sovereign and proclaimed that the House of York would never have any more faithful allies then the House of Percy from this day onwards.

    For James Butler, the king’s assurance that the Lady Anne would become his wife was a godsent, as that would solve the troubles with the Earldom of Ormonde that would now belong to him. He also assured him that if Thomas Boleyn complained, he would feel the full wrath of the king at once. Butler had left the meeting with a grin on his face, knowing that Boleyn would never be foolish enough to risk Richard’s considerably fury.

    Anne and James were married three weeks later, with the king and queen in attendance. If the bride seemed somewhat pale and quiet, well that could be chalked up to wedding nerves. A few years later, they left for Ireland to the Ormond estates, where Anne all but faded from the pages of history. She is believed to have died somewhere around 1553, after bearing four children to James. In Ireland, Anne would become acquainted to Joan Fitzgerald, the heiress to the Earl of Desmond, whom married her cousin James FitzGerald, 13th Earl of Desmond in order to solve the dispute between the Fitzgerald family.

    The marriage of Helena of York and Henry Percy took place in the cathedral of York in the late summer. The onlookers claimed afterwards that there had never been a noble bride as beautiful as Helena had been at the wedding, with the gold and jewels shimmering in her long loose golden hair and her dress made of white silk and cloth of gold. Despite his infatuation for Anne, Henry came to cherish his wife and she ensured that the Percy family would remain one of the most noble houses in England for many generations to come.

    As for Charlotte, her intended revenge of her mother-in-law would never come. Not only did she fail to get vengeance when Prince Richard became King Richard V of England, but neither she or her son would be alive at that time. Little Dickon died in the cradle in less than a year and Charlotte herself perished in childbirth in 1526, with her third child, as her second pregnancy had resulted in early stillbirth. Her only living child was a daughter named Katherine, named for her grandmother would raise her with all the love and caring that would immortalise her as one of England’s greatest queen consorts in history.

    By comparison, few historians today remember the second wife of Richard V of England, Shakespear’s infamous, contested and sorrowful Winter King from the immortal plays of England greatest bard.

    Charlotte of France.jpg

    Charlotte of France, Princess of Wales in 1525



    Author's Note: So we find ourselves back in York England in the middle of the 1520s. Prince Richard's luck in brides are rather abysmal so far.
     
    Chapter 48 - Brabant, France and England from 1525 to 1527
  • Chapter 48 – Brabant, France and England from 1525 to 1527


    The summer of 1525 was one of mourning for the Grand Duchy of Brabant. On the 4th of June, the dowager duchess passed away in Wissekerke Castle in Bazel at the age of fifty-eight. After the death of her husband, Philippa of Guelders decided to retire from court almost completely, mostly focusing on overseeing the education of her grandchildren. The death of Isabella of Burgundy and Antoine of Brabant had been two harsh blows against her however, and as Marguerite and Philippa had left for their marriages in a few years ago, their grandmother had retired completely from the court. Aged from loss and pain, Philippa spent the last three years suffering from ailments and worries. The news from Danmark was not good either, as Christian II was fighting against both his uncle, Sweden and the weakened hansa cities, amongst another Lubeck. Her eldest daughter, Margareta had her hands full keeping her husband from loosing the throne, and her son had just married Princess Beatrice of England to gain support from the international community. The dowry of ships, men and weapons had helped to turn the tide, but the struggle was far from over and Philippe had sent many resources to aid his young cousin as well. But the troubles far up north were not the only things occupying Philippe either.

    Philippa’s place in court had been taken by the current Grand Duchess, Beatrice of York, while Marie d’Albret, the countess of Rethel besides her. The Count of Rethel had spent many years in the duchy and Palatinate of Burgundy as his brother’s governor, alongside Jean of Brabant, the ducal heir, whom was currently back from Burgundy where he had spent the past two years. His long stays in the heartland of the duchy were to make sure they would not begin to drift towards France again, but given the distance between the Northen parts and the south down in Burgundy, another buffer against turmoil was much needed and so Brabant and France had agreed upon a marriage between the kingdoms. The count of Rethel, the Prince-Bishop of Liége and the ducal advisor Charles de Lannoy had been the strongest proponent of a marriage with France to prevent further discord with the Valois dynasty regarding the duchy and Palatinate of Burgundy. While certain parties had preferred a match with England instead, the alliance with Denmark had taken Beatrice of the marital board. While a match with Spain had been entertained, that was not as high a priority for the duchy. Thus, the Estates Generals had approved of a marriage between the Count of Namur and Princess Jeanne that winter. As Charles IX was quite keen for peace between the neighbours, he had sweetened the marriage proposal with the promise to give the County of Champagne as part of her dowry to the Brabantians and Philippe was ecstatic over the offer. This region covered the Duchy of Valois, the County of Guise, the County of Vertus, and the cities of Laon, Soissions, Reims, Grandpré, Troyers, Brienne, Langres, and Chalons. For the Burgundians, Jeanne would bring an incredibly rich dowry to them, one that outshone both Margaret, Philippa and Beatrice. The marriage contract was signed by both parties and peace was signed by the respective envoys.

    Philippa of Guelders’s funeral had taken place in the cathedral in Bruges where her husband had been laid to rest. Father and son laid near each other, with Charles behind the high altar and Philip in the newly constructed chapel close by. Margaret of York had been laid next to her duke, while Philippa’s coffin was lowered into the double marble sarcophagus that had been commissioned by her and Philip long ago. Two years after Philippa’s death, Jeanne of France crossed into Hainault with her bridal entourage for the wedding that would take place in the city of Mons. The celebrations for the peace between the kingdoms was enormous and the splendid entrance of the new bride in Ypres rivaled that of her the late Margaret and Philippa. Unlike the latter, no one could say that Jeanne was not of splendid lineage and that she brought a the most splendid dowry to Brabant.

    However, the peace between Brabant and France would not last long. Despite the heavy symbolism of the union between Jean and Jeanne, tensions would soon arise once more. From 1530 and onward, turmoil between France and the neighboring duchies erupted into actual warfare as France came under the reign of Louis XII, one of the most significant and terrifying rulers the kingdom has ever known. For Philippe, this undertaking would be the grandest the sharp and charming Grand Duke had yet to encounter. For Jeanne, it would be a true test of loyalty between her natal kingdom and the duchy she had married into just years earlier.

    The tension began to rise already in 1525 and in the year afterwards, the death of Charlotte of Valois occurred. The princess of Wales passed in childbirth with her daughter, Katherine of England. As this was the second wife of Prince Richard that had died in six years, rumors started that he had been cursed. Things began to add up; the disaster with the Boulogne betrothal, the horrific death of the imperial Elizabeth of Austria in the burning castle of Ludlow and now his French bride perishing in the birthing bed. Was England cursed? Had this house of York, themselves supplanters of the Lancastrians, whom also had overthrown the rightful ruler, been struck down with the same curse that had caused the fall of Edward IV’s line?

    The situation of course was very different from 1483 when all of Edward’s children except Mary had died in childhood or struck down by the sweating sickness. The king had brothers left, even if only the Duke of York had children so far. His own sons were thriving. The Prince, the Duke of Gloucester, The Duke of Richmond, and the Duke of Somerset had all survived the cradle and the knocks of early childhood. Of his daughters, only Katherine remained in England, as her elder sisters had left for Spain and Denmark by 1526. Should the Prince of Wales have no children the Duke of Gloucester would become the king. By 1526 George and his Elizabeth been blessed with one toddling daughter and an infant boy, still in the cradle. The duke of York had left two children behind, Helena and Thomas, while Richmond still remained unmarried at the age of nineteen. Despite his parent’s pressure, John had refused to marry, and while his status as a royal prince was very attractive to the ladies, his sourly and grouchy disposition did not endear him to many. Lord Somerset was merely eight years old and thus spared much of the court intrigue.

    The search for a new bride for Prince Richard began once more months after the death of Charlotte. This time, the king decided to not search all over the world for a suitable bride and decided to focus the attention on one of England’s long-standing allies: The Duchy of Brittany. Before he became king of England, Richard III had two surviving children from his first marriage to Anne Neville, as duke of Gloucester. Joan and Eleanor had married the King of Scotland and the Duke of Brittany respectively, while Richard IV and his younger siblings had been borne by the late Beatrice of Viseu, his second wife and queen. From her marriage to Jean VI, Eleanor had given birth to seven children, of which only two sons lived to adulthood. Richard, Count of Montfort and Francis, Count of Etámpes. Richard of Brittany had in turn wed Katherine of Brabant, the second daughter of Philip and Philippa in 1507. Their eldest daughter, Anne had just turned seventeen in 1526 and quickly became the focal point of the English search. Jean VI wished to reinforce the Anglo-Breton alliance against France and was eager to wed Anne into the House of York, and the negotiations was a lot shorter than the ones with the Hapsburgs and the Valois had been for marriages.

    The change of alliances of England with the anti-french Brittany did sting in the eyes of king Charles IX, but his decision to let it be caused a division with the more forceful dauphin. Louis of France had come to increasingly odds with his placid father, but as he was still constrained by the king’s authority. The Dukes of Brittany and Anjou had both allied with England, as Rene of Anjou had married Anne of York, the youngest daughter of the late Richard III in 1515, and their alliance against France had been a growing point of contention for the dauphin. Their allegiance should be with France, and the invasion of Alecon and Perche in 1509 had not helped either. At the age of twenty, Louis had become the focal point of the hopes and dreams of many in France, as the dauphin was seen as the hope for France. He had persuaded his father to allow him to go on a tour of France in 1524, after the birth of Anne of France, his firstborn daughter. Isabel of Castile, would accompany him, as his ever-faithful wife. His intention was to let the people of all walks of life in France see their future king and to get away from the somber and depressing court in Blois.

    In 1526 the dominating families in France was the Bourbons, the Angouleme’s and the Albrets, all whom had close ties to Louis and Isabel. Their friendships would prove vital for the future of France for the next years that would come. Isabel had given birth to yet another daughter in 1525, Isabelle of France and her and Anne’s nursery companions was the children and grandchildren of their friends, along with other toddling aristocratic daughters of France’s nobility.

    His daughters were not on the dauphin’s mind in 1526 however.

    “Champagne! He gave Champagne away to the damn Burgundians!” The roar of Louis of Valois could be heard throughout Château d'Amboise, sending servants scurrying away in fear. Isabel of Castile watched her husband furiously pace before the fireplace in their apartments, as the embroidery laid idle in her lap. His fury knew no bounds at this point and he was not the only one in France sharing the same sentiment. “Treacherous Judas! How dare he! He gives Burgundy back to the Flemish, Nevers to that bastard in Lorraine and now he gives Champagne away as well! Shall France have nothing left of her own or shall we hand over Paris to the English as well?! THE CORONATION CITY ITSELF!! The Maid of Orléans crowned Charles the Victorious in the city to the glory of all of France! And now it shall be lost to the greedy Burgundians!?”

    He finally stopped pacing and rested his head on the mantle of the fireplace. Isabel watched him clench and unclench his hand several times and his knuckles was bone white against the skin. “This is madness, Isabel. Sheer madness.”

    “Yes, it is.”
    Isabel said softly, picking up her embroidery once more. “I fear your father have gone mad. His love for peace with our neighbours has blinded him to the fact that they have no scruples as to take what rightfully belongs to you, my love.”

    The empathise on the word “you” had it’s intended effect on Louis. A quick upwards glance told her that he had stilled his movement and turned towards her, with a look of surprise on his face. “Isabel, surely you mean the king. Champagne belongs to the crown and my lord father is the king, not me.”

    Isabel snorted. “And who is the king? A failure of a man who gives away his own realm to placate his greedy neighbors. My lord grandfather would never sink so low as to yield an inch of Spanish soil. Since Madam la Grande died, your father has been a failure in all things. Rouges and thieves run rampant, heresy is spreading like the plague, our neighbors are laughing at us and the holy crown itself is tarnished. This turmoil can not be allowed to continue.”

    Louis looked at her for a long while without saying a word, and then stepped over to the window that had been opened to let the fresh spring air in. The greenery was spreading in the gardens and parks and the broad ribbon of the Loire River glittered in the sunlight. Chimney smoke rose from the town nearby as life went on its usual bustling pace. Isabel remained quiet and keep her eyes in the embroidery that she continued doing. Her husband was clearly thinking and she knew to let him do it on his own. Her needle cut easily through the cloth and the golden fleur-de-lis grew came to life before her very eyes on the ivory silk.

    After several minutes Louis sighed and turned away from the window. “I know what you are saying. Isabel, I want nothing more than to set things right again. France deserves a strong king and my father cannot be that anymore. But to overthrow the king is no easy feat and it goes against all manners of tradition, laws and customs. Whether I like it or not, my lord father is the king of France until he dies. If I take the throne now, it will invite chaos. I will be declared a treacherous son and it will spread like a vicious curse from all corners of France. I need more than just this to take the throne. If I am to right these wrongs, I need the kingdom behind me and the Estates as well. They will need more than just an ambitious son that wants the throne. Those are dime a dozen in history. I will not be a traitor to this realm.”

    Isabel put the needlework down in her lap again. “A traitor to the realm? Hardly.” She met his eyes firmly. “You are the crown itself, its future and its salvation. Everybody knows that. From the most highborn amongst the princes du sang to the lowliest of peasant. All of France cries out for you, I know it well and anyone will tell you the same as me, husband.”

    Louis shook his head. “Do you know it, Isabel? I am touched by your faith in me and your omniscience. You are truly the most faithful of wives.”

    “Do not mistake my faith in you as mere romantic infatuation. If I speak it, I mean it. I know my words are true, because it is. Do you think I do mere gossiping in my wide circles of ladies and poets? They are the same as the troubadours of Provence in the days of old, they bring both news and secrets as they did back then. The priests are praying for the darkness to be chases away and for a defender of the holy mother church to arrive. Peasants are whispering in the taverns about the lost prosperity. Soldiers and knights need a king that will lead them to glory. The courtiers and nobles are despairing of the king and queen who refuse to reign or to defend Christendom against the Ottomans. Wars are being fought over the future of Europe in Castile and in Hungary and on the sea around the Italian lands. My lord grandfather and my royal father is protecting Christ and all the saints against the Turks and the Emperor rides to the defense of Belgrade! What does France do in these times? Its king sits in his chambers.”


    The snarl in her voice is vicious. To be honest, the righteous wrath of his Castilian wife is no surprise to him at this time. After all, Isabel has inherited more than her name from her mighty great-grandmother that drove the moors into the sea in 1492, and her family’s wars against the Ottomans had woken a fire inside her that he found immensely attractive. Perhaps their daughter Isabelle had been the result of that passion. But her sentiment was the same as his own. France needed to change.

    “The king is mad.” He said, more to himself, as to test how they weighed on his tongue. Isabel rose from her seat and came over to him with a crinkle of her silk skirts. “The king is mad. That is all you need for get started.” She clasped his hands with hers. “I have whispered, schemed and plotted for you for years now. I have no intention of leaving my future son a broken kingdom that he needs to be ashamed of. I will not see my husband reduced to a laughing stock in Christendom either. The lords will follow you and so will the knights and men at arms, if you merely speak the word. Give your word to the clergy that you will cleanse the realm of heretics and the sins committed by lying priests and whorish nuns. Tell the peasants that you shall bring their pride and good future back and they will follow you. Be the king you are meant to be and all of France will follow you, to the very gates of hell itself if that is the case. The king is mad. And we know how to deal with mad kings. My glorious grandparents fought for their claim against that Beltraneja bastard and did not the Lord bless their reigns like no other in living memory? Have no fear, if you trust in this, your reign shall be as bright as theirs was and your name will live forever in the memories of your kingdom. Trust in that, my love. Trust in me as well, for Paris shall drown in the Seine before I fail you.”

    “The king is mad.”
    Louis whispered against her lips, before kissing her deeply. Only two thoughts swirled in his head. “The king is mad, the king is mad, the king is mad.” The words repeated themselves, until they seemed as natural at the sun that rose every morning. The other was a simpler one; of Isabel and her staunch faith. In him, in the voices of the kingdoms, in her utter assurance that they could weather any storm together. “Lord, I do not know what I have done so deserve this splendor of a woman in my arms. And let all of France know that their king is coming for them and that these dark days are numbered at least.”



    The new Princess of Wales arrived in 1527 in Falmouth after two days of travels from the port of Morlaix in Brittany. Anne of Brittany had a short, but intense voyage over the waters of the English Channel and her original destination had been Plymouth, but the wind blew her ships off the course and the Bretons anchored in Falmouth to seek shelter from the harsh weather. Her grandmother had decided to accompany her back to her english home, and to meet her brother once more. Eleanor of Gloucester had not set foot in England since her marriage and as Anne was her favourite grandchild, the dowager duchess had organised her travel, sorted out her entourage and collected her trousseau. The fort of Pendennis Castle provided the entourage with rooms as the castellan had been prepared for her travels just in case. The fortified building had been built by Richard III to protect against French aggression in 1500 and now it served its purpose well. Richard was notified as of their arrival as well and the King and Prince would meet with Anne and Eleanor of Gloucester in the city of Exeter two weeks later. Richard IV was relieved that the new princess to be had arrived at last, Prince Richard was not. He had absolutely no wish to be hauled before yet another altar for the third time. Or the fourth, as his first planned bride had eloped with the Count of Saint Pol. Twice his brides had perished in six years and being put to bed next to another wife was depressing prospect. He had never had any reservation about laying with a woman, an activity extremely pleasing to indulge in. Bessie had been his first love, despite his marriage to Elizabeth in the same time, whom he had given his virginity to. Elizabeth had been a good wife, and his great shame was that he had not cherished her more. If he had then he could have saved her from the fire that night. If he had not been fooling around with Bessie, then he could have fled with her in his arms from her chamber. The emperor’s daughter had not needed to die suffocating on the thick black smoke the way she did. His nightmares for several years would not have been haunted by a half-charred corpse of his wife, dark hair torn and her bone hands clawing at his throat, the wrists and fingers covered in melted gold and fractured bohemian garnets embedded in the skeleton.

    He had nothing left of Elizabeth. Bessie had given him his Fitzroy daughter, and Charlotte had left behind a royal daughter, but Elizabeth had left nothing behind. He would have loved to hold her daughter in his lap, to feel her dark curls growing on a little head. Nothing left. He did not want to wed another woman. Not to be exposed to this grief again. Not to have another wife he would loose to some other nightmare again. And a mere duke’s daughter to boot! Elizabeth had been of imperial blood; Charlotte had been the daughter of the king of France. And his new bride was from Brittany. Not even a king’s daughter. A Duke’s daughter. He would not lay with Anne of Brittany, would father no children with Anne of Brittany. Let Katherine wed little Dickon of Gloucester instead and let his own lineage die out. Anne could go back to Brittany and wed someone else.

    Exeter,_1563.jpg

    The City of Exeter in 1563

    His black mood persisted all the way to Exeter, where the royal entourage stopped to wait for the Breton entourage that was mere days away. The duke and duchess of Bedford had gone to greet them, as well as the Bishop of Exeter, John Vesey. The king and prince settled into Rougemont Castle; the old castle that Richard III had restored near two decades earlier. The hall and rooms were scurrying with servants and courtiers at their arrival. The floors had been swept and fresh rushes had been laid, the glassy windows polished to a shine and the facade scourged clean for the new bride’s arrival.

    Prince Richard had opted to take a ride just outside of the city on the morning as the Breton company was due to arrive later that day. Despite the bright sunshine at that day and the pleasant breeze, his dark mood persisted. Soon he would be married again. Sold to another foreign interest of his father and kingdom. His mother had attempted to console him, but it didn’t help. He would not fall in love again, would not loose his heart again, not ever again.

    Anne of Brittany arrived to the city of Exeter just after noon. Her escort led her to the city gate where the aldermen would greet her, bearing gifts as gold coins and silver rings to their princess to be. Little girls wearing their best clothes held flowers and sweet-smelling herbs for the Bretons to receive and Anne charmed them in turn with her brightest smile. Exeter had decorated for her arrival, as the white rose of York was clustered all over the buildings.

    Richard and Anne would meet before the mighty Cathedral Church of Saint Peter, as her carriage drew up before the steps where the king and the prince awaited her.

    Whatever notions Richard had of not loosing his heart to his new bride, fell quickly apart the second he laid his eyes on Anne herself. As she stepped out of her carriage, dressed in pale blue gown lined with cloth of silver and her French hood of white and black silk in the Breton colors, Richard immediately lost his heart anyway. Anne might not be the daughter of a reigning emperor or even a king’s child, but what the ducal daughter had, in spades, was an immense magnetic beauty capable of captivating all whom gazed at her. The tall and slim princess, with a heart shaped face, large eyes, set in ivory completion with faint blushing cheeks, outshone both Elizabeth and Charlotte with ease. To Richard her appearance was no less than a thunderbolt crashing across the clear skies in the sudden surging power it invoked and like a man struck by lightning, he remained dumbstruck for several moments.

    “Your royal highness, may I present to you, my granddaughter, the lady Anne of Brittany.”

    Richard heard the words being spoken to by his half-aunt Eleanor as if it came to him in the waking moments of a dream. Nothing else seemed to be present than the loveliest vision of a woman standing before him at the moment, meeting his eyes with her own. For several heartbeats, the red of her delicate lips was the sole thing in the world, followed by the brightness of her grey eyes, the pale curve of her neck or the tantalizing glimpse of her decolletage under the gown’s embroidered neckline.

    Somehow, he finds his voice. To his relief it comes out normally and not as a embarrassed squeak before his father and Eleanor and especially Anne.

    “My lady Anne, I bid you welcome to England. I have prayed for your arrival, and it is a delight to finally meet such an honored and graceful lady.”

    Those are not the words he wants to say.

    “I want to taste the sweetness of your lips.”

    “I want kiss your lovely breasts.”

    “I want to peel that gown off your body to see the light of the sun glistering of your soft skin.”


    All those sentences whirled around the Prince's head like dust being stirred into the air.

    And so, Prince Richard lost his heart and soul to the woman whom would become his third wife moments after their meeting. In the days to follow the prince would make up excuses to spend time in her company and Anne coyly indulged his reasons; a walk around the castle, a tour of the cathedral, a boat ride on the river Exe followed in the next days. The black mood that would be a reoccurring theme for the rest of his life seemed to have vanquished as soon as he saw Anne and even the king seemed completely surprised for the changing temperament of his eldest son. Eleanor was not even remotely shocked; this was the precisely the outcome she had predicted. She knew instantly that her granddaughter had taken her fiance's heart the way a hawk stuck in the hunt.

    The actual wedding would not take place in Exeter, the place for that would be the city of Winchester and the great cathedral. The third marriage would not be quite as splendid and expensive as his first and second had been, but the bride and groom lit up the whole place by themselves. Anne wore a costly gown of cloth of silver, white silk and black embroidery in the Montford house colours for the wedding, while Richard shone in the blue and Murray of the Yorks. Catherine of Aragon and Richard IV stood to the side while their son recited his wows to Anne. The queen’s gown had been made with cloth of gold and had a shiny silver lamé petticoat lined with violet velvet and raised York roses wrought in gold. The joy was plainly written on her face, and the adoration of her son had clearly soothed her frayed nerves. King Richard seemed pleased with Anne as well, and for the beautiful day he had been able to set aside his other worries as turmoil raged in the rest of Europe.

    Anne of Brittany.jpeg

    Anne of Brittany, Princess of Wales


    Author's Note: I was meant to post a chapter about Spain/HRE - Ottomans clash, but I'm having troubles finishing it, so here is a chapter about other things. Things are looking very calm and not at all like they are about to explode pretty soon, right? Credit to this chapter goes to @Parma and @Liminia1 for setting the plotbunnies about Champagne in my brain. Don't forget to vote for this story for the Turtledoves awards if you like it!
     
    Last edited:
    Chapter 49 - Spain and the Holy Roman Empire 1523 to 1525
  • Chapter 49 – Spain and the Holy Roman Empire 1523 to 1525


    Princess Elizabeth of York had a tumultuous journey over the Bay of Biscay as many did in those times. Her entourage spent many hours praying in their rooms below dock, while Elizabeth tried to create calm and led the ladies in prayer. Her uncle, Lionel was a rock of stability during the travel, as he claimed that the Lord would surely not let them sink on the way to their glorious destiny that awaited them both. The english fleet was able to land at last after five weeks at sea in the port city of Santander in the region of Asturias on the 15th of June, as the sailors nearly collapsed of joy and the princess and her ladies wept from relief as the shore came into view. Lionel embraced his shaken niece to console her, as the worst of her voyage was finally at its end. The welcoming delegation was the mayor of the city, the bishop of Oviedo, Diego de Muros as well as Gaston of Foix and his wife, Juana Folch de Cardona. The Viscount of Narbonne had been sent as a representative of the crown to greet the new bride and to escort her to Tordesillas, where the court had taken up residence in preparations for the marriage. King Juan had spent considerable time and sums to renovate and expand the palace and it had become a favourite residence of him and Catherine.

    The Spain Elizabeth came to was one preparing for war against the Barbary pirates and the Ottomans and her marriage was another link of the many alliances King Juan was reconnecting in many courts in Europe. The Hapsburg Emperor Frederick IV, the King of Portugal and the King of Naples was the key players while Spain lead the way. Juan’s daughter was wedded to Frederick’s son, while his son in law ruled the neighbouring kingdom. So, to secure Naples, Juan offered his granddaughter Infanta Ana to the Neapolitan heir, which was accepted. France was somewhat more reluctant to join the fight, but some lords and knights came anyway. The duchy of Lorraine was prepared to aid the glorious cause and Duke Charles, a man who delighted in war had personally offered to join the campaigns in the Holy Roman Empire, as their land-based troops would do the most there. Philibert of Savoy had also pledged whatever resources the duchy could offer. Brabant opted to support the efforts as well and sent money and ships down to Spain and soldiers to Austria.

    Juan had pressured the Papacy as well to support the coming war and after some hard negotiations (more characterised as bullying by the Spanish) the pope had given in and readied the papal armies, as well as granting Juan the right to claim a fourth of the church’s income in Castile as well as all papal taxes for three years. This was an enormous win on the behalf on the Spanish king and the sums entering the war chests in the next few years was astronomical in their amounts. Some in the papacy feared that the pope had yielded too much authority to Castile and that it would weaken the pope’s standing in Christendom, especially as the reformation spread. The pope however was firm in his decision, stating that the kings no doubt needed the resources more and that no enterprise launched in the name of heaven was more important for the papacy.

    Elizabeth wrote to her mother after her marriage, that the occasion had been more a promise of the Spanish nobility to the crown in declaring war against the ottomans than a wedding for her. While her boisterous uncle seemed all set to personally go and slay the Sultan himself, Elizabeth had to find her feet in court. Thankfully her Castilian mother had prepared her well for the role and one of her new ladies remarked that “she seems as Spanish as any Infanta born to the monarchs” and her knowledge of Spanish history and customs impressed many. Juan seemed to like Elizabeth as well, but as he was 14 to her 18, he did not seem to hold any romantic affection at this point. Both bride and groom went through with the wedding in Tordesillas and Juan consummated the union as any dutiful infante, much to the king’s pride. During her first months in Spain, Elizabeth became a close confidant of Princess Blanche as she was only one year younger than her step-mother. Blanche had been given the responsibility of organising her household as well and appointed Maria Pacheco as her chief lady in waiting. Elizabeth also befriended the daughters of Ferdinand the Younger, Catalina and Maria and their Mendoza cousins, Mencia and Maria who had been placed in the custody of Blanche as their father was dying. This had been another point of contention for Ferdinand the Younger, who was kin to the girls and had viewed them as his wards. No doubt he wished for Mencia to wed his own son and thus give him a heiress for a bride, but the late Rodrigo Díaz de Vivar y Mendoza had been a close confidant of Prince Juan and thus the girls had ended up as his wife’s wards. This act had turned Ferdinand’s already icy relationship to his brother even colder and he withdrew further away to the court after the marriage. King Juan ordered him to go to Granada in order to make sure it was secure as the planned crusade against the ottomans was in preparation. While Ferdinand slunk away to sulk in Granada, the court moved from Tordesillas to Toledo, one of Juan’s favourite residences and the city of his coronation nearly twenty years ago. The city welcomed their king with great joy, boasting the coat of arms he had granted them in 1505 upon his crowning. The two crowned kings displayed on the Toledo arms was supposedly of Alfonso VI, whom had taken the city from the Moors and Ferdinand III of Castile, the Saint King of Spain, both crucial monarchs for the Reconquista. Juan had ordered the construction of a new royal residence in the city as the old Galiana palace was deemed both too old and small. The city had prospered during the king’s reign. The metal working industry was thriving and since all knew of the coming wars, the manufacturing of swords, knives and armour had gone into overdrive in the past years. Other commercial enterprises also flourishing such as silk weaving, soap, flour milling and that of glass and ceramics during the 16th century. The court would remain in Toledo for the rest of 1523 and Juan busied himself with securing his allies and overseeing the preparations for the coming fight. It was at Christmas that the king finally called for war against the Ottomans, as the new Alcazar was packed to the brim with the grandees of Castile, Aragon and Navarre who all pledged their swords to the king’s cause. In January the king left with his armies to the south-east of Castile for the coastal cities of Valencia, Cartagena and Almeria where the fighting would start. Queen Catherine had been entrusted with the government as Juan wished to have his attention on the war and she was also to keep Infante Juan with her. Both the king and the prince would leave for the fighting and neither would risk his safety at this point, despite his ferocious protests at being left behind. Ferdinand the Elder left with his brother as well. Infante Santiago came with his father, while his second son Infante Alano remained with Infante Juan as he was a year younger than him. Ferdinand the Younger was ordered to remain in Granada and keep the region secure and the coasts ready for war. Princess Blanche also remained with the queen as she was pregnant once more and so did Elizabeth of York, and Carlota, Duchess of Cádiz. Maria, Duchess of Granada had suffered from increasingly frail health since a few years back and had mostly retired from court to live in the palace of Isabel I in the complex of the Royal Monastery of Saint Mary of Guadalupe.

    The first part of the four years’ war against the Ottomans was mostly a joint task by King Juan III of Spain and Frederick IV, Holy Roman Emperor. The double kingdoms of Bohemia and Hungary was a tempting target for the Ottoman Sultan Suleiman and Frederick had since long been readying for war. This was not the easiest of tasks, as the Hungarian magnates tended to be unruly, something that had given Emperor Maximilian decades of hardships before his death in 1516. But no one magnate was more tenacious than the Hapsburgs themselves. In 1520 Frederick had managed to get the nobility in line, much to the help of his brother-in-law. Stephen VII Báthory might have caused the imperial family a empire sized embarrassment when he eloped in secret with the Maximilian’s youngest daughter in 1500, but his support for Frederick had proven to be invaluable over the years. Not only had the Báthory family become a devoted supporter of the monarch, but he had also helped in wrangling other magnates over to his side, such as the Zapolya family. The peacetime between the Hungarian kingdom and the ottoman sultanate was over by 1524 and warring had begun in the small territories near the border castles, something Frederick would not abide by at all. His alliance with Spain, as Infanta Eleanor had wedded his heir Maximilian, the King of the Romans now came into its full effect. As the Ottomans did not only threaten to invade Hungary, but also Austria, especially the imperial city of Vienna. Frederick coordinated the defence of the imperial lands by placing Austrian troops as garrisons in the fortresses amongst others, strengthened national administration and ensured that all the border fortresses was updated and reinforced. The emperor won great acclaim in 1521 when he successfully defended Belgrade and its ancient fortress from the Turks. Stephen Báthory fought a campaign in Sabac in at the end of the year, and while he managed to keep the enemy from taking it, he took enormous losses for it. In the spring of 1524, the Ottomans came again.

    The battle of Petrovaradin took place in late March. The mighty fortress of Petrovaradin that had been built by the celts, the Romans, Ostrogoths and Lombards had been a cornerstone of the defence by Hungary, fortified and expanded by Maximilian and Frederick from the 1498 and onwards. As it laid at the banks of the Danube River its position was excellent. The river was viewed as an important transport route for the Ottoman army to advance up to Hungary and Frederick arrived there weeks before the Turks did. Empress Anne had been left behind in Vienna to hold the city, while Archduke Frederick gathered additional forces in Croatia, Slovenia and Austria to reinforce the troops leaving with the emperor. The King of the Romans was already in Germany to secure aid from the German princes on his father’s behalf, and Stephen Báthory had been tasked with the defence of the city of Buda in the king’s absence. Additional support came from Brabant, Lorraine and Poland, all imperial allies. Petrovaradin was the staging ground for the clash between the Imperial coalition forces led by Emperor Frederick, and his commanders such as Count George Zápolya de Szepes, Radič Božić, the Despot of Serbia and Pál Tomori, archbishop of Kalocsa as well as an assortment of other imperial war captains, against the sultanate forces commanded by Gazi Husrev-beg, a governor of Ottoman Bosnia and the military leader Malkoçoğlu Bali Bey. The Ottoman army was composed of 45-70,000 men and over hundred guns, while the Christians had 60,000 men and 90 guns, while the additional forces in Germany was gathered as well.

    The fighting in the Mediterranean Sea had divided the Ottomans attention as the navies clashed against each other’s in the barbary coast, especially near Tunis and Algiers, two cities that was very strong piracy fortresses. Algiers were ruled by Barbarossa, an Ottoman corsair and the brother of the late Oruc Reis, who had died in conflict with the Spanish years before. Barbarossa and King Juan loathed each other intently and the latter had put a hefty price on the former’s head. Barbarossa had allied with Sayyida al Hurra, Gouverneur of Tétouan in the Northen Morrocco, a place that had become rebuilt by the exiled Andalusians after 1492.

    For the first year the Spanish mainly fought around the strait of Gibraltar, the Alboran Sea and the Balearic Sea, as their troops managed to take Oran in the summer of 1524. They also captured several galleys and sank a few. In autumn Spanish and Neapolitan troops began the conquest of other cities such as Tunis, Tripoli, Algiers and Béjaïa along the barbary coast. The military campaigns were overseen by Pedro Navarro, the Count of Oliveto and the Infante Santiago. Navarro was a trusted general and engineer from Navarre who most likely had come to Spain after the marriage of Catherine and Juan in 1484 and had been under the command of Gonzalo Fernández de Córdoba after that. The Spanish also took back the fortress of Peñón de Vélez de la Gomera near Badis of the coast of Morroco that they had lost in 1522. The first capture of the fortress of the little island in 1510 had brought some conflict with Portugal, but in 1524 those problems had been ironed out.

    Peñón de Vélez de la Gomera.png

    Fortress of Peñón de Vélez de la Gomera

    The Spanish won a great victory outside of the city Tlemcen in the winter of 1524. The city was known as The Pearl of Maghreb, and its chief defender was Oruç Reis, the brother of Barbarossa. The hard fighting cost many lives for both sides, but the arrival of the Knights Hospitallers turned the tide against the corsairs. In 1522 the Ottomans had successfully driven the knight order away from Rhodos and they held a grudge against the corsair brothers as well, as they had attacked many of their ships. After 1522 the Order had found a new protector in King Juan who had offered them shelter in the Spanish realms of Sicily and Sardinia. The Grand Master of the Order, Philippe de Villiers de L'Isle-Adam, who had commanded the order against the Ottomans during the siege and negotiated their surrender had arrived in the royal court to seek the aid of the monarchs. Philippe accepted Lionel of England into his order on the king’s request, as he was present at the marriage between Infante Juan and Elizabeth of York. Despite being a foreigner, Philippe immediately saw that the “Prince of England was every bit a crusader as any of mine own good brothers” and Lionel took the oath to become a member of Order of Knights of the Hospital of Saint John of Jerusalem before the court, while his niece watched him proudly.

    Philippe Villiers de L'Isle-Adam.jpg

    Philippe de Villiers de L'Isle-Adam

    Despite his public declaration regarding the knight order, King Juan’s reasons for taking the them under his protection were not completely altruistic. The Knights Hospitallers owning the crown of Spain for their livelihood was a decision influenced by many factors: religion, power, influence amongst others.
    Of the three largest crusader orders created during the 12th century, only two remained. The Knights Templars had been eradicated in 1312 by King Philip IV of France, while the Teutonic Order had bound itself to Germany and the Hapsburgs, especially the Holy Roman Emperors. Frederick IV had gathered many knights in the wars against the Ottomans from 1520 and onwards. The prestige of being a protector of the Knights Hospitallers was an immense one for the Spanish king. Not only were they a symbolic of the endurance of Christian faith, but they added resources to the crown, and they tied into the past of Castile and Aragon, as knights had fought during the Reconquista in the 13th century. Many nobles were looking towards the Indies at this time and in 1520 the king had to balance the interest of the crown in the New World without losing their goals in the Old World. The Knights Hospitallers were the perfect bridge between the conservative parts of Spain and those seeking new changes. Their aid gave additional virtue to the campaigns without being a drain on the treasury and re-energised the Aragonese lords as well, especially as the Ottomans threatened the Balearic Islands, Sicily and Sardinia. The Spanish influence in the order could also weaken their allegiance to the papacy and shift it to the crown. It is believed that Juan entered into a deal with the Grand Master Philippe at this time as well. If the order fought with the Spanish against the Ottomans, they would get the Island of Malta as their new headquarter. Malta was part of the possession of the Crown of Aragon and Juan intended to make it a bulwark in the Mediterranean for his kingdom. The Knights’s arrival in Tlemcen caused the defeat of Oruç Reis in December of 1524. This brought on great celebration for the christian forces and the city itself fell in January to Infante Santiago, who claimed the Mechouar Palace for Spain. The Sultan of Tlemcen, Abu Hammu III found himself and his family under arrest by Spanish forces and they were exiled from their own palace and taken to Andalusia under an armed escort. The sultan died in the city of Seville under house arrest a few years later, while his children were raised in Castile under the watchful eyes of the crown. This ended the Zayyanid dynasty that had begun its reign of the Sultanate of Tlemcen in 1236.

    The Ottomans also suffered great losses in near Hungary as the Imperial-German forces defeated the Turkish army in Petrovaradin. Gazi Husrev-beg, the Ottoman gouvernour of Serbia died in the warfare as well. A victorious Frederick IV returned to the city of Buda in triumph in early winter, after months of campaigning. His brother-in-law, Charles came back with him as well. The Duke of Lorraine had been a great fighter in the wars and had won several victories during the campaigns. The imperial forces had after the victory began to press further into Serbia to retake lands near the Hungarian border, something that had been meet with moderate success. On the other hand, they had taken an enormous amount of spoils from the battlefields, especially many of the guns the Ottomans had brought with them.

    For both the Emperor and the King of Spain, the year of 1524 had gone extremely well.


    Author's Note: So here we finally have the long awaited clash against the Ottomans by Spain and the HRE. And the Knights Hospitalliers are here as well!
     
    Last edited:
    Chapter 50 - Spain and the Holy Roman Empire from 1525 to 1526
  • Chapter 50 – Spain and the Holy Roman Empire from 1525 to 1526


    The year of 1525 began with the birth to two princesses. Blanche of Cádiz, Princess of Asturias gave birth to her second daughter in the city of Cordoba, while the Queen of the Romans delivered another archduchess in Vienna. Infanta Catalina was born in the beginning of January, Anne of Austria in the end of January. Despite his wishes for his next grandchild to be a boy, Juan was nevertheless happy over the arrival of baby Catalina. The warfare against the Ottomans would continue at sea over the year, and Barbarossa, the naval corsair commander pushed back hard to expel the Spaniards from Algeria. Support from the Ottomans poured into after the fall of Tlemcen and the death of Oruc and under the year the christian forces would find their strongholds hard pressed. The destruction of the Ottoman army near Hungary had roused the Sultan Suleiman and so had the Iberian-Italian forces that seemed determined to break the barbary corsairs in the Mediterranean coasts. The fall of Tlemcen had been a serious blow as well. The Spanish had gotten additional support in the Republic of Genoa, further strengthening their armies and ships in 1525. In February the Spanish broke into Tunis, first capturing the strategic port of La Goulette and then the city itself. Barbarossa were furious about that as well and the Ottoman sultan directed troops to the region with the direct order to throw the Christians out. But even the sultan was dealing with issues, as the destruction of the Turkish army in Hungary had gotten it difficult for him to levy all the men required for the task. Many of the local rulers near the Barbary coasts were also shifting in their loyalties, as the Spaniards offered generous terms in return for homage. In the late spring the navy won a huge victory in the Balearic Sea and captured several Ottoman galleys, something the citizens of Majorca celebrated with feasts and bonfires. In the summer the warfare raged mostly in the sea of Sicily, Tyrrhenian Sea near Italy and near the Gulf of Gabés outside of Tunisia. The papal armies and the Italian condottieries fought hard battles near the coast between Rome and Naples, while the Venetians cut off plenty of Ottoman reinforcement in the Adriatic Sea. The strait of Otranto was guarded by Naples and the Knights Hospitallers as well. For the rest of 1525 the situation in the Mediterranean Sea were at a standstill, as neither the Christians or the Ottomans won any decisive victories. Barbarossa managed to retake the fortress of Peñón de Vélez de la Gomera from the Castilians in autumn, but they keep control of Tlemcen and Tunis as well.

    The year of 1526 would be a turning point in the wars against the Ottomans and one that would reverberate into every corner of the world. Sultan Sulieman fully intended to take Hungary in response to the insulting imperial victory of 1524 at Petrovaradin and this time he himself would take to the battlefield. If the Emperor wanted a fight, then that is what he was going to get. Frederick had spent over a year bracing for this battle, as he knew the Ottomans would come again. The diets of Hungary and Bohemia and Austria had been gathered to discuss a war tax in winter of 1524 and they relented after pressure, as the emperor had won great prestige after the campaigns. The Imperial Diet had been gathered in Germany by King Maximilian for the same purpose. The German princes were less keen on accommodate the emperor’s demand, at least not without getting something in return. They demanded that their emperor paid more attention to the affairs of Germany and that he would reside in lands for parts of the year. Frederick told his son to agree to whatever conditions they diet asked for, as long as they gave material support for the wars to come.

    “When all this is over, I shall dedicate the rest of my reign to the consideration of the German empire that elected me. Until then, I need to ensure that the church bells of Buda will continue to ring for the christian men and women of Hungary.”

    Quote by Frederick IV, Holy Roman Emperor in the winter of 1525.

    The Ottoman army began to move from Constantinople with the sultan in April of 1526. Sulieman took the Grand Vizier Pargalı Ibrahim Pasha with him along the campaign as well. The Turkish host is believed to have consisted of 70,000 men and several hundred of guns and they made their way up to towards Serbia. No doubt the sultan intended to take Belgrade first and then move to the city of Buda itself, but Frederick had no intention of letting the Ottomans even get across the borders of Hungary and organised the imperial defence accordingly. The fortresses at the borders had been fortified and backup gathered in Buda, Zagreb and Austria, while the main host moved towards Belgrade and its mighty fortress that they Ottomans had tried to claim in 1521. Frederick left Buda in April as well, saying a tender farewell to his wife, who could barely hold back her shaking tears at his departure. The empress would be trusted with the regency over Austria, Hungary and Bohemia in the emperor’s absence as Maximilian would also be on the battlefield. The German troops gathered by him were on their way, a huge hoard of 30,000 including Landsknechts, Teutonic knights and other soldiers from both Brabant, Lorraine and Poland amongst others. Archduke Frederick had gone to Zagreb to rally men in Croatia, Slovenia and Bosnia to ensure they could be additional reinforcement. Charles, Duke of Lorraine also departed for the fighting once again. No doubt the war loving duke had every intention to be part of this great defence of Christendom against the Turks once more. His boisterous personality did a lot to lift the spirits of the soldiers and his experience in warfare boosted the faith of many.

    Landsknechte.jpg

    Imperial Landsknechts in 1530

    The Battle of Belgrade took place in late May of 1526. It is believed to have lasted for around three days from the 24th to the 27th of the month according to the historians of both Empire and Sultanate. The fighting was tense for the first two days as both armies clashed against each other, turning the ground red with blood and the cries of the dying soldiers rang out to the sunny skies. Guns blazed from either side, gunpowder clinging to wounds, to skin and blackening the grounds. On the beginning of the third day, the German reinforcements arrived with Maximilian, and began to pressure the Ottomans back, leading to panic and desertion in the Turkish troops, something that the sultan managed to stem. Hours later Archduke Frederick crashed into their side with his Balkan army like a cannonball, hoisting the flag of the emperor high as they defiantly rode straight into the battle zone. Fredericks army advanced further, their spirits lifted and the Ottoman army began to shatter, at this point only held together by the valiant sultan himself, who rallied his forces with a magnificent display. Aided by Charles of Lorraine, who’s booming roar echoed into the night, Frederick in turn called for his own fighters and the sultan and emperor crashed together one last time that evening as dusk began to fall.

    Hours later the battle was over. Due to the darkness many did not know the outcome of the final push, and it would not be until morning it would be clear. The absence of Suleiman caused chaos and rumours spread like wildfire that the sultan had been killed in the fighting, while Ibrahim Pasha did his outmost to keep control over the armies. His task would not be made easier as Maximilian’s knights and landsknechts roared for further blood and crashed into the enemy, often setting ottoman tents, horses and equipment on fire with wildly flinging torches that caused further devastation to the fractured morale of the soldiers. Many soldiers deserted under the cover of night and infighting with Ibrahim by other commanders did not help either.

    Emperor Frederick was nowhere to be found either. The imperial troops were held together by the iron fist of Maximilian, thus they remained united and in control. Upon the break of dawn on the 28th, the daylight cleared away all the confusion of that dramatic night. The Ottomans had fled Belgrade nearly all together during before dawn. Ibrahim had managed to gather scattered remains of the army and they retreated hastily further into Serbia, chased by imperial troops for many days until they reached Bulgaria.

    The Sultan of the Ottoman Empire had died during the night on the third day. Suleiman had suffered grave injuries in the last evening charge, and due to the chaotic night, he had succumbed to his injuries. Ibrahim had been incredible frantic to keep his death secret to ensure that they troops did not become aware of it, but the news had leaked quickly. By daybreak it spread from Belgrade into the rest of the world. The Sultan had died.

    And so had the emperor. The body of Frederick would not be found until days later by a devastated Maximilian. His father would not be the only loss the King of the Romans would endure in those days. Archduke Frederick, who had crashed fearlessly into the Ottomans would never be found again. Rumours lasted into the rest of the century that he had been taken prisoner and lived the rest of his life in Constantinople or that he had become a hermit living in the mountains of Transylvania, but the reality was that the brave archduke had meet his death at the age of 21 on the battlefield of Belgrade. Charles, Duke of Lorraine had been another casualty in the fighting against the Ottomans during the summer, fighting valiantly besides his imperial brother-in-law. Duchess Elizabeth had died years ago and now Lorraine came under the rule of John III, Charles’s eldest son and the husband of Cecilia of Brabant, the youngest daughter of the late Grand Duke Philip and Philippa of Guelders.

    The Battle of Belgrade would become one of the most immortalised ones in European history. To gleeful poets, dramatic playwrights and court historians, this was the stuff of true legends. The death of both sultan and emperor was almost unthinkable for many. The pope himself said upon hearing the news of the Belgrade that:

    “In Belgrade came finally the retribution for the fall of Constantinople and the desecration of the Church of God's Holy Wisdom.”


    Author's Note: I figured that if we are gonna celebrate the passing of this 50th chapter milestone, then we are gonna do it in style. :cool: How you like them apples?
     
    Chapter 51 - Brabant, France and the Holy Roman Empire in 1527
  • Chapter 51 - Brabant, France and the Holy Roman Empire in 1527


    The Prince-Bishop of Liége had been one of the main orchestrators of the marriage between the Grand Duke’s son and Princess Jeanne of France that took place in spring of 1527 in Mons. Less than two months after the wedding Adriaan Florensz Boeyens died in the Archiepiscopal Palace at the age of 68. His appointment to the post had taken place 27 years earlier, one of the Grand Duke’s methods of strengthening ducal influence in the bishoprics near Brabant. Utrecht had since long been annexed to the duchy and since becoming Grand Duke in 1517, Philippe had steadily increased Burgundian influence in the bishopric of Besancon, a free imperial city in theory, but at this point a part of the Valois-Burgundian realms.

    Liége were not the only bishopric the Brabantians would strengthen their influences in from 1517 and onwards. Cologne, Trier and Munster were all in Philippe’s aims as the region suffered from a imperial vacuum. Frederick IV did not spend much time in Germany after his election, as Bohemia, Hungary and Austria were of more importance to him. Empress Anne herself only visited Germany once after her marriage to Frederick in 1493, as she spent much of her life in the Austrian lands and later in Prague and Buda after 1514. To the Germans, their king and queen were pretty much strangers, leaving their son Maximilian, the King of the Romans to pick up the slack in amongst the German princes. Maximilian were far more popular in Germany than his father, but his Spanish wife disliked the place and mostly resided in Vienna and Tyrol, where she controlled much of the court while the Empress divided her time between Vienna, Buda and Prague. The marriage between Maximilian and Eleanor of Castile had been a successful one in many ways, it had tied the great imperial Hapsburgs together with Spain and the success of the joint warfare against the Ottomans were a great diplomatic accomplishment for both parties, but on a personal level, it had failed. Maximilian and Eleanor had initially gotten on well, but their personalities did not clash well. While Maximilian did not hold much affection for his wife, he did trust her to run the imperial court in Vienna during the absence of the emperor and empress. Eleanor’s discomfort with Germany and staid personality did not interest her husband much and the also clashed regarding France. Maximilian was considering an alliance in the future, while the emperor remained mostly neutral and Eleanor was staunchly opposed to the idea. His position toward Brabant were not as positive, as he viewed the creeping influence over the imperial cities as an affront to the empire and as history has shown later, Maximilian did not forgive offenses easily. The queen of the Romans raised her children in Vienna during her husband’s absence and in fecundity Eleanor held great success. In 1525 Hedwig, Charles, Catherine and Ernest were all thriving in the nursery and Eleanor was expecting once more. Maximilian did not spend much time with his wife, other than sharing her bed for the purpose of duty, something that clearly worked well so far.

    For the majority of 1524, Maximilian were busy with the Ottomans along with his father, especially in gathering forces in Germany and dealing with the Imperial Diet. The Diet voiced their concern to the king over Burgundy muscling in on the imperial cities, something that Maximilian took to heart. Due to the Ottomans invading, those issues had to be postponed, but he was also concerned over the spreading Protestantism in Germany that had slowly increased since 1517. The death of his father in Belgrade was a devastating one for Maximilian, as not only had the Empire lost their emperor, but Hungary and Bohemia had lost their king and Austria its archduke. As the king of the Romans, Maximilian would now be the undisputed successor to his father to both the imperial throne, and also to the other crowns. His reign in Germany would be secured fairly easily, but no man could be everywhere at once and during the 16th century, the imperial court would be where the emperor resided. The death of his younger brother did not bode well, as Archduke Frederick could have served as a viceroy in his stead. The now dowager empress had fallen besides herself in grief at the death of Frederick IV and Queen Eleanor mostly avoided politics, so neither could be counted on in this scenario. Of his siblings, only the youngest one, Margaret remained. Elizabeth had died in England six years ago, Frederick on the battlefield and while his twin Leopold still lived, the disabled archduke had spent the past twenty years in the castle of Tyrol under the care of his nurses, all but forgotten by most people. And given that Margaret would leave for Poland when she came of marrying age, he would soon be without her as well. As for his three aunts, they were all dead by 1526. Perhaps it’s not strange that Maximilian felt bereft of family at this time. But in 1527 his life would change in three separate ways. The first would be the imperial coronation in Aachen on the 16th of May, where the Reichskrone was placed on his head by the archbishop-elector Hermann of Wied. Eleanor was also crowned alongside her husband, one of the few times she visited Germany during her lifetime. As the daughter of the victorious King Juan and the daughter in law of the late emperor Frederick, the newly coronated empress were held in awe by many, as she was seen as the lynchpin of the alliance that had successfully vanquished the greatest threat to Christendom. Even the Germans seemed to take a liking to her, and Eleanor found herself facing another side of the land that were more to her liking than before.

    “Perhaps I have been too harsh in my judgement of the Germans before. I have found that we share more things than I thought earlier and I shall enjoy their friendship further into the future.” Letter from Empress Eleanor to her father in 1527.

    The coronation was attended by princes and lords from all over Germany and the nearby realms, such as Lorraine and Brabant and ambassadors from all kingdoms of the christian realms. While no royal Spaniard attended, as the whole Trastamara family were busy with the Ottomans and Corsairs, Juan sent a delegation of several lords and knights to partake in his stead, much to the comfort of Eleanor, whom delighted in the familiar faces of her homeland.

    The presence of the Grand Duke of Brabant caused some tension with the German princes however. Philippe had come with a magnificent entourage comprised of several dozens of knights of the Golden Fleece, all attired in rich clothes and fine furs that dazzled the spectators. To some, the Burgundian extravagance caused confusion as the figure of the grand duke were mistaken for that of the emperor due to his finery, much to the dismay of Maximilian. Philippe did not solely attend to congratulate the new emperor, but also to bind their families closer together by marriage. His youngest daughter had turned ten years old and her father intended to make Beatrice the bride of the young archduke Charles, the heir to Maximilian. This marriage would increase the Brabantian influence in the empire and in the imperial cities that Philippe desired for himself. This brazen scheme alarmed the German princes, who demanded an audience with the emperor to address their concern. Maximilian had no love for his Burgundian cousin’s ambitions either, but if would be unwise to offend the richest ruler in Europe before they had other allies, other than Spain and Poland. To counteract the Brabantians, they needed additional support, but it had to be covert for the time being.

    Jean de Montmorency was attending the imperial coronation as well, as part of the delegation representing France and what was obvious to the German princes was obvious to him as well. While King Charles IX was willing to give Champagne to the Grand Duke, the dauphin was not. Isabel of Castile was expecting once more and both she and Louis prayed ardently for a son this time. Should the Dauphine bear a prince this time, it would be all they needed to seize the throne with a clear blessing from the Lord. But in the meanwhile, Louis had an offering to the emperor, who received Montmorency in his audience chambers in secret to hear it out. Their common problem of greedy Dutch dukes proved to be grounds for a mutual agreement. In return for French military support against the Ottomans, they would jointly remove the Brabantians from the realms of Champagne, the Imperial cities and the duchy and palatinate of Burgundy. To solidify the alliance, Charles of Austria would wed Anne of France, the eldest daughter of Louis as well, rather than Beatrice. If the dauphine's child was a son, that boy would be betrothed to little Anne of Austria as well. This secret agreement between Maximilian and Louis would remain unknown to Philippe, who still planned to make his duchy into a mini-empire that would rival France and the Hapsburgs.

    The third change came in July of 1527. As Maximilian returned to Hungary to be coronated once more, he met a familiar face at court; Erzsébet Báthory. Freshly widowed from her husband John Zápolya, a Hungarian magnate whom had meet his death in Belgrade along with the emperor, the granddaughter of Emperor Maximilian I now entered emperor Maximilian II’s life once again. Erzsébet had been a lady at Eleanor’s court for several years, but the King of the Romans had paid her only cursory attention, both due to her young age, the affairs of Germany and the impending Ottoman threat. Now at the age of 25 and childless, she returned to take a prominent place in court. John Zápolya had been succeeded in his estates by his younger brother, a man of unquestionable loyalty to the imperial family, and he brought many more of the nobles over to Maximilian as well. The victory at Belgrade had assured the imperial dominance over Hungary, as some anti-imperial nobles and opponents had perished in the fighting against the Ottomans. Erzsébet quickly became a confidant of Maximilian, as her witty and sharp personality suited him better than his staid and pious wife. From 1527 and onwards, the already distant relationship between Maximilian and Eleanor became even cooler, as Erzsébet began to steadily supplanted her in the emperor’s affections. No doubt her familiarity to Hungary and Bohemia aided him during his reign, while Eleanor for the most part remained in Vienna. While Maximilian would still visit his wife from time to time, mostly for the purpose of producing more imperial children, their marriage would only falter from here on out. Erzsébet won a great victory in December of 1528, as she bore Maximilian a son. The baby, who would deliberately be named for the great John Hunyadi of Hungary was not the first of Maximilian’s illegitimate children, but he was the first son of them. More concerning was the consideration the emperor gave to the infant, such as a household of his own, and rich fabrics for his clothes. To Empress Eleanor, the baby was of little concern, as her own imperial children demanded her fullest attention, including the toddling Anne and the newly born Eleanor. The Empress favoured a match with the Burgundians for her eldest son, as Beatrice was fairly close in age to Charles, while Maximilian had secretly betrothed him to little Anne of Valois. Erzsébet herself also favoured the french as an ally, as she had a great interest in the fashion and culture of the court. She also tried to acquire the friendship of the dauphine, but on that front, she had no success. Isabel of Castile was not the type of woman to disregard her family and as the empress’s niece, she held no love for the Hungarian homewrecker.

    Isabel won her own great victory in the summer of 1528. On the 6th of June she birthed a son, much to the great cheer in the kingdom. The arrival of an heir to the crown prince signaled the end of Charles IX’s reign, as the favor of all in the kingdom now fell to the dauphin. The churching of Isabel in the city of Orléans would be an enormously grand occasion, and the start of the reign of Louis XII as well. The king attended the festivities, but his solemn manners on this great occasion, along with his slumped figure and ill-fitting clothes stood in stark contrast to the heroic figure of Louis, in the prime of his life and his beloved wife, bejeweled after having just delivered the prayed for heir to a kingdom long bereft of blessings. Charles’s behavior also caused further alarm, as he burst into tears several times without provocation and sported a absent expression when spoken too. Several days of feasts followed, where Louis and Isabel spent considerable time in discussions with the nobles, clerics and courtiers, while the king avoided nearly all company and often vanished from the festivities.

    A fortnight after the churching, Louis took action. A company of armed lords, amongst them Francis, Duke of Angouleme, the Baron Montmorency and Jean d’Albret, all trusted companions and counsellors to the dauphin, entered the Chateau of Blois and seized the king himself and put him under house arrest. The were led by the dauphin himself, who secured his father’s courtiers by sending them straight to the dungeons. Immediately afterwards he called for the estates generals to be gathered at Orléans as soon as possible. While the speed of the coup had been swift, the legitimacy of his reign needed to be indisputable as well. Thanks to the networking done by Isabel, he could count on the Bourbons, the Angouleme’s and the Albrets, while the knights and the peasants would certainly gather behind him, as well as the church. The madness of Charles IX had spread like wildfire from Bayeux to Languedoc and a new reign would almost certainly be welcome by all. On the 15th of July the dauphin meets with the estates general, where several things would make clear. Holding a signed letter from the king, Louis declared himself as “regent of the Kingdom” as his father had been incapacitated by madness, thus unable to govern. Testimony from several members of the court, lords, and physicians also proved that Charles was unstable and that in these trying times, a steadier hand was required. The estates were also reminded of those terrible years between 1507 and 1510, when the whole kingdom was being ravaged by Brabant, Lorraine and Spain while in the midst of a civil war. Champagne being given away had also caused intense outrage and the estates were only too happy to demand that the region would be returned to French control, citing it as an unlawful giving of crown lands. Louis also firmly intended to throw the English out of France for good, as the massacre at Calais was painfully fresh in the people’s memories. It was at this point that Louis also revealed that Emperor Maximilian had joined the French cause against Burgundy, further strengthening his stance. Isabel played her part magnificently, as she entered the chamber where the estates was gathered, dressed in ivory silk and cloth of gold, holding her infant son in her arms. With her entourage of ladies behind her, the dauphine knelt before her husband, before facing the estates. Holding the baby before her, she began an passionate speech:

    “My lords, I come before you, not as a dauphine, but as a humble mother and a wife! Here is the prince I have delivered to France and you all know what his birthright are, now being stolen away by ravaging wolves. Who amongst you will raise your sword to defend France as she is being set on by evil demons? Christendom has seen the greatest victory against the infidels in centuries just as now and France has been shamed as cowards due to us hiding in our land. Who amongst you will defend France I ask!”

    The Dauphin of France in 1533  .jpg


    The birth of a son to the Prince-Regent proved to be the start of France becoming one of the most domineering kingdoms in Europe from 1530 and the declaration that would be sent to the Burgundian Dukes regarding the ownership of Champagne was the match that lit the fuse of the so called La Guerre de la Colére or The War of the Wrath that would last for half a decade between France and the Grand Duchy of Brabant. The conflict would also involve other participants such as the Holy Roman Empire, Lorraine, England, Brittany, Anjou and Milan.

    The Champagne Problem – The Last Duke of Burgundy by Madeleine de Baumé.


    Author's Note: I got out of my creative slump, so here we have the next chapter. Thank you to @Parma and @Liminia1 for the plotbunnies regarding Champagne and the HRE cities, I needed some sort of disaster since I don't have the italian wars here.
     
    Chapter 52 - Spain from 1527 to 1528
  • Chapter 52 – Spain from 1527 to 1528


    The defeat of the Ottoman army at Belgrade had spread like wildfire across Christendom after the early summer of 1526 and bonfires had been lit in celebration in all kingdoms from Norway to Naples as the dreaded figure of the sultan had fallen at last. The news reached Spain three weeks later as the Ban of Croatia seemed determined to let all kingdoms near the Mediterranean Sea know of it. Sailors from the dalmatian coast all but hollered it from their ships to passing boats, to the coastal cities and to the clear skies. Suleiman is dead! Let all faithful Christians rejoice, for the sultan is dead! For Juan III of Spain, this was the greatest blessing the lord could have provided. The Şehzade Mustafa was only ten years old and even if he was the next sultan, there would be infighting and instability for years to come in Istanbul. No doubt Ibrahim Pasha would make attempts to hold the regency, but it would not be easy and as they lost a huge number of men in Belgrade, they would need to focus on defence rather than expansion for several years. And as the Muslim world would be reeling from the shock, this caused the Barbary pirates to lose a protector as well. The Spaniards attacked once more during the summer, striking while the iron was hot and the faith and fervour high. As the court moved to Cartagena to oversee the naval battles, the king and the prince gathered in the fortified Despeñaperros castle that functioned as headquarter and base for the wars in the seas. Prince Juan wished to bring his son to Cartagena, as he would need the military experience and how to rally men that would fight and die for the crown. King Juan was more hesitant, as the infante was the only son the prince had so far, even if Princess Blanche had sent word that she was expecting again. The marriage to Elizabeth of York had so far yielded nothing, so the court prayed that the princess would soon provide the longed-for spare. But the prince preserved in his argument, reminding his father that he himself had partaken in military matters when he was younger than the infante during the Granada Wars. The government of Castile was still in the steady hands of Queen Catherine, who resided in the city of Toledo. Infante Juan thus left for Cartagena, along with his wife. The couple arrived in the city to great cheers, and Elizabeth immediately took to visiting the field hospitals that had been set up in the area. Similarly to his own mother, Juan III ensure the outmost loyalty of his troops by providing them with the finest medical care available and Elizabeth, raised by a pious mother who herself had grown up touring the hospitals in her childhood, would set an impeccable example in caring for the sick and injured.

    St Elizabeth of Hungary washing a sick man.jpg

    St Elizabeth of Hungary washing a sick man

    As she was still childless at the age of twenty-two, Elizabeth, now often called by her Spanish name, Infanta Isabel de Inglaterra, had taken to many charitable endeavours since her marriage. In all fairness, she did not have many options at this time. She had no children of her own to mind, the regency was handled by the queen and other court matters was handled by the brisk princess of Asturias. The other two leading ladies in the royal family were in two different positions altogether. Maria de Mendoza, Duchess of Granada and wife of Infante Ferdinand the Younger lived in the palace complex at the royal monastery of Saint Mary of Guadalupe since a few years back due to her ill health, while the duchess of Cádiz was a warm-hearted, plump and kind woman who had returned to maintain the estates of her husband during his time in war. Charlotte d’Albret, or Carlota as she had gone by since 1497 had been married to Ferdinand the Elder for thirty years at this time, and since her eldest son, Infante Santiago was also fighting in the war and his wife resided in the court. Elvira Fernández de Córdoba had given birth to two sons and three daughters since her marriage in 1518, and they were raised in their grandmother’s care while Elvira spent much time in court. No doubt they would later enter court as the king’s great-nephews and nieces when they got older, but as their ages ranged from eight to a baby less than one year old, this would come later. Of Carlota’s three children, only Infante Alano remained unmarried, but as the brother of the Princess of Asturias, he would certainly make a good marriage as well and Chalota and Ferdinand eyed one of the Mendoza sisters for his bride. Mencia and Maria was co-heiresses of their late father and thus an excellent choice for Alano. Ferdinand the Younger also intended for one of them to become the wife of his own son, something that had caused great tension between uncle and nephew. Carlota had birthed her youngest child mere months after his Albret grandfather had been beheaded at Blois in 1510 and named him for Alain in a personal defiance of the king’s act. Alano was his mother’s favourite son, while Santiago enjoyed his father’s affection more. Blanche of course got the love of them both as the only daughter. Now Alano accompanied the Juan and Elizabeth to Cartagena, as usual inseparable from his cousin, and the prince would welcome them near the city. Much to the disappointment of Juan, his grandfather would not allow him to join the warfare on the waters or send him to the Barbary cities alongside the fighting land troops, but he included him in the planning, the logistics and the meetings with the war captains, along with Alano, who had a clear gift for warfare that the king had picked up long before 1527. Elizabeth threw herself into caring for the soldiers and other acts of charity with fervour, as she finally had gotten an outlet for her restlessness. Her husband was surprised by the change that had come upon his wife, but seemed pleased by her virtuous endeavours. But while the infanta did good christian deeds for months, her primary duty went unheeded. Elizabeth’s womb remained as empty as ever as they year passed into 1528, but the affection for her remained high. It would be her step-mother-in-law that secured the succession once more in the November of 1527, as she gave birth to her first son. Infante Federico, named for the late emperor Frederick IV who had vanquished the Sultan himself, was christened in Toledo with great splendour.

    The warfare on the waters continued with great success as the Spanish retook fortress of Peñón de Vélez de la Gomera in late winter, and several other cities along the coastline. King Ferdinand III of Naples would win a great victory at the straight of Messina in March, sinking over 7 ships and taking 11 for himself. He also seized many guns and valuables on the ships, adding to the navy of the kingdom. In the summer of 1528, the Infanta Ana of Spain departed from her grandfather’s court for Naples as well, as it was time for her to marry her betrothed Prince Alfonso of Naples. While the couple was both merely fourteen years old in that summer, the alliance with Naples had to take precedent. Prince Juan spent several days with his daughter in Cartagena when she arrived, as the final preparations for her ships were completed. To him this was a melancholic moment, as Ana was the youngest child of his first wife, Yolande of Lorraine, and the one that most resembled her in face and manners.

    The courtyard was bustling with activity that morning in late July. The soldiers practised sword fighting with each other’s, archers fired of arrows into straw targets and the Infantes tilted against each other, sending sand and gravel flying into the dry air as their horses galloped around. Prince Juan leaned against the wooden railing, dressed in a linen shirt and simple jerkin, still damp from the morning exercises. He watched his son without saying a word, lost in thought at the moment. Ana had left a fortnight ago, and he was waiting anxiously for the news that she had arrived safely to Naples with the fleet that had left. A familiar presence joined him at the fence; Gaston of Foix. The viscount of Narbonne had been his closest friend and companion for decades now, and where the prince went, the Thunderbolt of Spain usually followed.

    “They are like you and me a long time ago. Wishing for nothing more than to prove themselves to the world.”

    “I dare say that my boy has more sense in his head than either one of us did at that age. He had more of his grandfather in him than I do my royal father.”

    “Do you fear the crown already, Juan? His grace seems determined to outlive us all. I think you shall have to wait far longer for the throne.”

    “And you, Gaston? When I become king, where will you be then?”

    “Besides you. As I have always been since I learned to toddle after you decades ago. To the bitter end if you need it.”


    Their quiet time was interrupted by a servant running towards the courtyard in full panic. “Your graces! My prince! You must come at once, the infanta had collapsed!”


    Elizabeth of York died on the 5th of August, much to the deep sorrow of the royal family and the court. Her death was most likely caused by a combination of the summer heat and exhaustion from caring constantly for the injured at the hospitals, perhaps she had also contracted an illness from them at well. The infanta was buried in the Cathedral of Santa María la Vieja in Cartagena days later in a grand ceremony attended by the three royal Juans, Alano, her household and an assembled gathering of nobility and clergy. Her widowed husband did not weep during the ceremony, but the tears ran down the king’s face, as his niece was laid to rest. Infante Juan was overwhelmed by her sudden demise; as her initial collapse had been believed to be mere cause of fatigue, but days later she had been engulfed in heavy fevers and chills. In the last moments she had been unaware about his presence, so delirious that she could not even speak coherently. Her funeral procession from the castle to the cathedral was packed full of people who had come to say farewell to their beloved infanta who had come to be revered as close to a saint already by the commoners. Flowers and herbs were thrown on the carriage the casket rested upon as it went by, and black velvets had been hung from the walls of the houses in mourning.

    Elizabeth of England, Infanta of Spain.jpg

    Elizabeth of England, Infanta of Spain

    “She died as virtuous as she had lived and I have no fear that she shall not be placed in our Lord’s holy glory in heavens for he has judged her worthy of the outmost grace”
    Lionel of York upon hearing of his niece’s passing

    Dona Infanta Isabel de Inglaterra
    or Elizabeth of Cartagena as she would be known to history would be the most famous person buried in the city for centuries and for several generations the royal payments for the upkeep of her tomb would make it a place for pilgrims as a sacred shrine. Petition for sainthood would take place a century after her death, but none came to completion. In the 1680’s, she was given the title of The Venerable due to her selfless acts to the injured and poor of Spain. Her death meant another crisis for the king, as his grandson now found himself without a wife and an heir of his own. The Infante Federico meant that the succession was now far safer, but as he was less than a year old in a time of high infant mortality, the lineage would need to be secured once more and that meant that the search for another bride would have to begin.

    Elizabeth was not the only infanta that died that year either. The duchess of Granada declined even further and her husband attended her on the final days in Guadeloupe in October. But while Elizabeth had been too sick to speak her last words to Juan, Maria de Mendoza was not. Her illness had begun sometime after the marriage of Prince Juan and Blanche, perhaps brought on by the king passing over her eldest daughter, Infanta Catalina, for the widowed Prince after Yolande’s death in 1520. This marriage had infuriated both her and Ferdinand the Younger, especially as their uncle’s daughter had been selected instead and they had pushed for a wedding between the Infante Juan and either Catalina or her younger sister Maria rather than an english match, but that too had been rejected. And now it seemed like their only son might not get the whole inheritance of the Mendoza sisters with the marriage to Mencia, as Alano was considered for her sister Maria and it would probably divide the Marquisate of Cenete to add to further insult. Ferdinand the Elder would no doubt plead with his brother the king for that very purpose, much to his nephew’s increasing fury. Maria had come to loath the Duke of Cádiz all the same as her husband over the time and years of illness had left what remained of the duchess seething in twisted anger in the end. Perhaps it was the wraith of Maria’s late grandfather, the villainous Marquis de Villena whom had plagued the reign of Henry IV and that of Isabel the Catholic’s younger years that now surfaced in his daughter’s daughter at the time of her death. The death of Elizabeth opened the door for the still unmarried Maria of Granada to become the wife of Infante Juan and the future queen of all Spain, one of the promises her mother now extorted from Ferdinand on her deathbed. Black-eyed, bone pale; no doubt churning with rage in her final moments, Maria tasked him with making the marriage happen and for Infante Inigo to get the whole inheritance, regardless of Ferdinand the Elder’s meddling.

    “I am entrusting the future of our children to you and I ask nothing more from you than to make sure that our daughter will sit on the throne one day regardless of what resistance you will have to crush for that to happen. The Duke must be stopped in his ambitions. You are the king’s son, make him listen to you instead. He must not leave our son’s future in halves in favour for that brat of a nephew. Speak to the grandees and our kind that favour you, this must come to pass. Seek out the Braganza family that still lives in exile in Castile and add them to you cause as well. Their will understand your plight. After all, their rightful place in Portugal has been usurped since so long. The thrones of Spain must not belong to the children of some foreign woman once more.”


    Author's Note: I am back with this story! Sorry about the long delay, a combination of writer's block and going back to full time work had been causing troubles. But here we have Spain, going from glory to impending crisis! I found out that Maria de Mendoza was the maternal granddaughter of Juan Pancheco recently after rewatching the serie Isabel and then I went ! So here is the result of that!
     
    Chapter 53 – England in September of 1528
  • Chapter 53 – England in September of 1528


    Catherine of Aragon found out about her eldest daughter’s death five days before the Princess of Wales gave birth to her first child. Anne of Brittany had been married to Prince Richard for over a year in that late summer and the marriage had been one of exceptional joy from the first days. The news came from Castile in the middle of September, with the Spanish ambassador bringing a letter from her brother, Juan III himself. Anne had taken up residence in the Palace of Placentia in Greenwich before the birth, as the king had given it to the prince before his second marriage to Charlotte of France and it had been expanded and renovated during his reign. The prince and princess hosted their own little court near the Thames, with dances, masques and card game aplenty, as well as pleasant boat rides on the river on sunny days. Anne and Richard both enjoyed hunting, her with falcons and him with hounds and they spent many hours riding in the green woodlands.

    “The Princess is the very light of the sun at court. She delights all with her joyful manners, she smiles upon all whether high or low and all who meets her are quickly charmed.”
    Thomas More, Lord Chancellor of England in 1528

    The joyful days were cut short on the 19th of September. Queen Catherine collapsed in grief upon finding out about her daughter’s death and spent several days bedridden in her chambers. Only a handful of her ladies were allowed to enter her presence, including Maria de Salinas, who took it upon herself to ensure that her mistress did not perish of despair. For a long while the court feared that the queen would die from grief, including her youngest daughter, Katherine. The fourteen-year-old princess was the only daughter of Richard and Catherine that still remained in England, as her two older sisters had both married since a few years back, to Spain and Denmark respectively and had become her mother’s near constant companion since then. Her brother, the ten-year-old Edward, called Ned by his family, was also bewildered by the sudden change. It would be their elder brother that stepped into caring for his younger siblings. While John of York had the disposition of a raincloud in general, his love for his family was unshaken. The twenty-one-year-old duke of Richmond was a man of great practicality and he took Katherine and Ned into his own household in Bayard’s Castle in the city, while his parents consoled each other. The death of Elizabeth meant that the Anglo-Spanish alliance had weakened, but it was not dead yet. The queen maintained strong bonds with her Trastamara family still, especially with her extended family residing in the various realms in Europe. While there was some initial consideration of whether of not to propose a new marriage for the Infante Juan with Katherine, nothing came of it. Her mother was infuriated by the idea, as Elizabeth would be replaced like that in her sister’s stead. Her youngest girl would wed in proper state, just like her sisters, even if it was not Spain. Both the king and queen thus began to look for matches in that autumn, but it would be halted by other events later in the year.

    Elizabeth of England would be named for her late aunt when she arrived into the world on the 24th of September. The birth of another daughter was a disappointment for the king, as the prince only had one legitimate child at this time, Princess Katherine from his second marriage. Prince Richard also had three illegitimate daughters from various mistresses, including Anne Fitzroy from Bessie Blount and Joan and Jane by Anne de Parthenay, a court lady whom whom had come from France with Charlotte. But Anne and Richard were delighted by their daughter, as he wrote to his father that she was “a pretty babe with fair skin and downy dark hair”. Catherine managed to recover somewhat from her grief upon meeting little Bess, as she would be called. The York siblings all came together at her christening in Greenwich and the small feast that would follow in Westminster palace. Dancing and merriment would be subdued due to the mourning, but the music was good and the cooks had prepared sumptuous meals of roasted pheasants, venison, rabbits; while stewed vegetables and ripe apples and pears had been cooked with spice and honey or stuffed in the various assortment of pies that had been baked. The queen wore a gown of dark purple and Spanish blackwork, while many of her ladies dressed in a similar style. Catherine was still easily fatigued from mourning and she retired early before the evening was over. It would be the duchess of Gloucester that presided afterwards, as Anne of Brittany had not been christened yet. The duke and duchess of Bedford danced together during the feast, much to the delight of their nieces and nephews. Katherine FitzAlan had given birth to three children since her marriage four years ago and while their son had not survived the cradle, little Margaret and Beatrice was thriving in the same nursery as their royal cousins. John of York partook as well, much to the court’s surprise as the grouchy duke generally avoided feasts of these sorts. It was perhaps no surprise however that he spent considerable time with his uncle, as both York sons had a similar temperament, even if Bedford had lightened considerably since his second marriage.

    John’s eye was caught by one particular lady during the evening. A delicate young woman in green velvet and pearls with shining chestnut hair in abundance. She seemed light on her feet, almost wispy in comparison to some of the beauties in court, and her skin was creamy with a sprinkling of freckles on her nose and decolletage. John could not help to be captivated by her movements; they seemed as quick as a bird in flight as she moved between courtiers. Perhaps his stare had alerted her in some way, but her head suddenly whipped towards him after a while. Her eyes seemed as brown as her hair, almost amber in hue and just as bright. During the next dance, the girl joined the dancers and just out of curiosity, John did the same. Perhaps the fae creature would grant him a dance with luck? He seemed drawn towards her in some inexplicable way, almost like a moth to a dancing flame. Being a royal prince had it’s benefits sometimes, as her current dance partner was easily shooed away when he got to her and the wispy girl granted him her hand as the music began again. Her fingers are clad in several rings, with delicate gems and pearls on them. Whoever she was, the girl was an excellent dancer and while John had never been overtly fond of the galliard that was popular in every court of Europe, he knew it very well. Evidently so did she. He was far taller than her and the advantage of his solid frame was that he could easily lift her during the spins of the lavolta and the salto del fiocco kicks, while her green skirts whirled around her legs. Her slight frame was evidently stronger than it seemed and her small hands grasped him firmly. John was to tongue-tied to even speak to her during the dance, but she did not seem bothered by it, not talking in turn. She did not need to either, the coquettish glances was enough and his fingers found themselves caressing her pale throat and the freckled plane of creamy skin above the hem of her neckline in turn. Her perfume draws him in as well, citrusy and herby with a pang of brandy, he thinks.

    “My lord of Richmond, you are a fine dancer.” John blinked at her sudden words. He had expected a far lighter voice from the slight girl, but the one he heard was fairly deep, melodious and rich all at the same time. “So are you. May I have the honour of knowing whom I am dancing with? I can’t seem to recall if I have seen you before at court.” She smiles at him. It is a very distracting smile; all white pearly teeth and rosy lips that he gets a feverish desire to claim for his own and her eyes gleam even brighter. “If my lord can guess it on his own, then I shall tell him gladly.”

    John begins to speak, to try to tell her that this is not fair of her, but little Ned interrupts him, suddenly appears out of nowhere and asks if he can take him back to Bayard’s castle as the evening has run to long for him. When he turns back towards his mysterious dance partner, she is gone. John spins on the spot, eyes searching for a flash of green in the crowds, but none is to be found. For a moment he is considering if he simply imagined the fae girl. Perhaps the fairies of the stories entered the court as the summer ended? But Ned tugs on his sleeve and John turns his attention towards him and agrees to return back home.

    “Leaving so soon, John?” Prince Richard asks and John startles as his sudden appearance. Do all of his brothers have the ability to sneak upon him now? He finds his haziness being replaced by his usual surliness at every passing second. “It is getting late and Ned is too small to be up all night.” They both ignore his protest that he is not small at all, even if the effect is ruined by the boy suddenly yawning and the tired rubbing of his eyes. “You know I am not one for parties either.” Richard raises his eyebrow. “That seems strange. You seemed to find the party very pleasant a moment ago. Did lightning strike you when I was not looking? Tell me brother, did your dance partner steal away with your heart?” John goes all still. Had he been that obvious, had they noticed them dancing. But as his mind whirled, he could only manage to say one thing. “So, she was real?” The look on Richard’s face is priceless and he nearly doubles over while almost choking on his laughter. John nearly slugs him for that alone, but Ned clings to his arm, so the prince is spared a fist to the face. “Was she real? Oh brother, I know you are not one to charm the ladies, but if you can not tell if a girl is real when she is in your arms, then I fear for your future wife! Yes, she was indeed real, I promise you that! Did she not tell you herself?”

    Normally John would rather have endured all manners of torture than to admit this embarrassing thing to his eldest brother, but if he knew the identity of the elusive maiden then this was a small price to pay. “She did not tell me her name. Pray tell, do you know who she was?” Richard looks at him with a mix of amusement and pity in his face, much to John’s rising annoyance. “Yes, I know her name indeed. Her name and her family. But I think I shall keep it to myself for the time being. It will not hurt you to put some effort into talking to women some more.” Richard ruffles their little brother’s hair and takes a sip of the spiced wine in his goblet. “Take Ned home now or he will fall asleep on his feet. Goodnight.” Richard is gone before John can reply and for a moment he contemplates the history of his ancestral Normandy king Henry Beauclerc, who most likely murdered his elder brother William Rufus, but it would be unseemly to kill the Prince of Wales during the celebrations of his daughter’s christening. Especially as the court is still mourning for their sister Elizabeth and his mother doesn’t deserve that sorrow. Plus, his royal father will most likely be rather mad at him. He is pretty sure of that. John stops to say goodbye to his uncle before he leaves and he is pretty sure Thomas knows exactly what transpired between him and the fae lady, but he gives him a firm hug and sends him on his way with Ned and his sister Katherine in tow. Just before John leaves the hall, he can see the duchess of Bedford coming back to her husband again and the look of love on his face as he gazes at his wife feels like an expression John himself had worn during some point in the evening. His uncle seemed to smile far more these days.

    The barge takes them back to Bayard’s castle and as it glides on the Thames, John is once more lost in his thought. Ned is sleeping in his arms, tired from the excitements of the day, while Katherine is chatting about everything: from her new gown, to the young men at court who she danced with and the delicious food being served. John listens with her with one ear, nodding and humming at times, but his mind is on other things. The skies are turning dark, and the clouds are nowhere to be seen, thus the stars glister like a scattering of diamonds strewn on dark velvet above him. The moon hangs in the sky; full and ripe and the breeze brings various scents towards him. Cooked meats, city mud, freshly cut grass and the flowering wines that climbs and clings on houses. His fey maiden had smelled of rosemary. It must have been Hungary Water he realizes suddenly. The perfume made for the Saint-Queen of Hungary centuries past. It was popular at court, even if his mother preferred the scents of Castile, such as Castell Soap and her toilette table was cluttered with jars of rosewater, amber, musk and orange blossoms, a much-loved memento of her childhood in Granada. He frowns. If he remembers correctly the queen’s name was Elizabeth, like his sister’s had been.

    Suddenly, he wonders if Elizabeth ever saw the city their grandparents conquered before her death and guilt cuts like a dagger. It is not fair that her life ended so soon. Her letters to England had been full of tales from the war at sea and the richness of Castile. The wars against the Ottomans had seemed like the stories of the crusades told in romances and his sister had been like the saints of old, that selflessly delivered charity and care to the sick and injured. It had seemed unreal to him in England. At least until the Spanish sun and the sickness had done his sister in in Cartagena. Their mother had told them about the cities of her family’s kingdom. Cartagena laid next to the Mediterranean shore; much fitting to Elizabeth. She had loved the ocean all her life, having taken the Holy Virgin in her aspect as the Stella Maris as her patron saint and lodestar in her childhood and he hoped that the lapping of waves would accompany the prayers read in the chapel where she rested besides the sunlight expanse of blue sea.

    As John undresses in his chamber at Bayard's before going to bed, a clink catches his attention. He frowns. Perhaps he forgotten some trinket stashed inside his garment? A gleam of gold lays just under the bed and he gets even more confused. He is certain he had removed his own jewelry already, but he picks of the object regardless. He can tell the ring is not his own immediately. The size is too small and he does not wear pearls himself. For a moment he considers it might be Katherine’s ring, but why would it be inside his clothes? As he looks on the pearl mounted to the golden frame, lightning seems to strike again all of a sudden. His fairy maiden had been wearing rings with pearls when they danced. He had felt it on her delicate hands when she grasped his own. She must have sneaked it in his clothes before she vanished. John brings the ring up closer to his face and as it gets closer, he can detect a faint scent of rosemary, like that which Queen Elizabeth of Hungary had worn on her skin ages ago. And in the stillness of his chamber, he wonders once again what the name of the elusive girl was, as she remained on his mind during that long night.


    Author's Note: I know this is a slightly different chapter as it's just spans a a week at the most, but I wanted a change before we head back into the various conflicts of Europe, and I wanted to explore the York court as they dealt with the death of Princess Elizabeth. And introduce my darling grumpy duke and the lady that caught his eye in a way no one ever have before. And she is not a OC, she is a real person. Have fun guessing who she is!
     
    Last edited:
    Chapter 54 - Brabant and France in 1528
  • Chapter 54 – Brabant and France in 1528


    “We appeal to thee, as king of France and our rightful lord, to see to it that our cities remain under this kingdom. In our coronation city the Maid herself crowned your ancestral king in our darkest hour and we remain French. The Burgundians will see themselves as our lords, much in defiance of our long history.”
    Letter to Louis XII from the city of Reims

    The year of 1528 began with a demand from France towards the Grand Duchy of Brabant: To immediately renounce the County of Champagne that had been given as Jeanne’s dowry for her marriage in the year before. The Estates General had declared that it had been an unlawful grant from an insane king and it would remain part of the French crown lands. Grand Duke Philippe viewed it otherwise. Champagne had been given to his son as his daughter-in law’s dowry rightfully with proper documentation. His ambassador to the Valois court told the Prince-Regent Louis that Champagne would not be given back to France and that breaking the treaty that had brought upon the marriage of Jean of Burgundy and Jeanne of France would result in warfare, as the duchy would defend their newfound territories with all their might. This answer was exactly what Louis had hoped for. Less than a fortnight later, he begun the invasion of Champagne at the helm of a force of 16,000 men, a surprising attack in the middle of January that took Brabant by surprise. A winter campaign was a risky one, but Louis decided to strike with speed to gain an advantage against his opponent. To ensure that his men would stay loyal and firm in the cold he had taken a massive wagon train of grains, wine and livestock with him, wools and furs aplenty, as well ordering the felling of several massive trees that would be piled into large bonfires for the army. Louis had taken a lesson from the warfare against the Ottomans in Spain and ensured that a small army of doctors and surgeons accompanied the forces as well. The Dauphine remained in the city of Orléans in the hôtel de la Vieille Intendance, that had become a smaller royal castle. Isabel had been trusted with the regency of the kingdom while her husband went to war, and the royal children remained under guard at Amboise. Champagne fell quickly back to their old masters, as the discontent over becoming part of the Burgundian circle was high and Louis quickly retook control of Reims, Soissons, Vertus and Senlis. The French army advanced quickly up towards Picardy and Hainault in February, where they would meet the Brabantians in battle near St Quentin. It would be a rather one-sided slaughter. Grand Duke Philippe had not been prepared for an invasion at this time, and had focused much of his effort of securing the administration of Champagne, something that had prove difficult. The winter had been hard, with icy rains and heavy winds as well and that had caused hardship in securing the border against the tidal wave of soldiers that now came. The small force that stood up against France at St Quentin was a brave one, determined and fearless. But that had no effect in the battle, as French gunfire rained down hell on them and the rest got wrecked by the sheer number of men that came upon them. The cities of Ham and Guise became the next targets, as the campaign continued. In late February the duchy began to muster men in huge amounts, as the estates of Hainault and Vermandois rallied the rest of the duchy to defend the provinces that now found themselves under heavy pressure. Guise fell in the beginning of March, and Ham a week later. An initial force met the French near the border of Chimay, but it was defeated as well. Louis did not hold back on his army’s ruthlessness during the campaigns, the only condition was that no french city or village would be violated or badly treated, everything else was fair game. The result was a spectacular campaign of destruction across the Somme region. Guise was almost raised to the ground, and Ham was plundered down to the bare stones. Homes, churches, cathedrals and orchards were sacked and set on fire, men slaughtered in masses and women raped in masses, while Louis oversaw it with clinical dispassion. The soldiers would get to keep all their spoils that they took, a great incentive.

    The French meet a tougher defence near Amiens as a Burgundian army of 14,600 men clashed with them in the late March. They were commanded by the Count of Rethel, the brother of Philippe, whom had been furious over the sack of Guise, the city that belonged to himself. Jean of Brabant was furious over the French invasion, as he had been one of the strongest voices for a marriage between their kingdoms. The outcome of the battle was one where neither side prevailed truly, as both armies took heavy losses, and Jean was injured, but not captured. France did not advance further into Picardy at this time, but instead they took the County of Eu, Aumale and Guise itself. This was another humiliation for Jean, as Eu had been his second fief. Eu, Guise and Aumale was truly paltry prizes for France, but the main goal had been to retake Champagne and in that, they had been successful. The destruction of the Somme towns had also been profitable, as the border defence of Brabant had been greatly weakened. No doubt France aimed to take Vermandois later as well, but right now it was time to strengthen their hold on their own dominions.

    The Prince-Regent entered the city of Reims at the head of a great cavalcade in late May, where he was received with splendour by the whole city. During the spring, Louis ensured that Champagne would once more remain under French control as a great purging of Brabantian officials begun in the region: the ducal administrators and lords were dealt with in various different ways, as the higher ones were taken hostages for ransom or given the option of entering the service of the crown, while the lowest ones found themselves facing the executioner’s axe without further preamble.

    Grand Duke Philippe had been horrified by the destruction the French had wrought upon the border and the loss of Champagne, and he swiftly begun to make plans for a counterattack, both to take back the region and to strengthen Vermandois and Picardy. He reached out to his allies in Lorraine, the Holy Roman Empire, Savoy, Brittany and England to gather a coalition that would attack France in the summer. Philippe was unaware at this point that the emperor had joined the French side, and pressed the betrothal of his youngest daughter Beatrice to archduke Charles once more. The negotiations went about at a snail’s pace and Maximilian II hampered the effort, as he himself planned to throw the Burgundians out of the cities along the western Rhine with French support.

    The conflict between Maximilian and Philippe begun when the Bishop of Munster died in November of 1527 and the duke began a campaign of manipulations and bribery to see his own candidate become the next bishop, much to the rising fury of many in Germany, as the bishopric was a vital one. In the spring, a frenzied mob broke into the bishop’s residence, dragged him out to the street and beat him to death in broad daylight. Riots spread quickly along the Rhine cities, as anti-Burgundian sentiment rose high, leading to rebellions in Trier, Neuss and Cologne as ducal officials and merchants found themselves targeted during the summer. The richest merchants homes endured lootings, thefts and burnings, while those viewed as agents of the duchy often wound up being murdered. This diverted Philippe’s attention, as he had to direct troops toward the cities near the border to quell the areas, something Louis used for his advantage, as he struck quickly at Vermandois and Picardy with renewed forces 22,000 men gathered in Champagne, Normandy and supplemented with soldiers levied in Alencon and Perche. Philippe quickly sent a messenger to his brother-in law in Lorraine, requesting aid as swiftly as possible, as well as one to England, Brittany and Anjou. John III of Lorraine begun to muster troops, but it was a slow one, as Lorraine was plagued by various internal problems after the death of Charles III two years ago. The Scourge of France had been a terrifying enemy on the battlefield, but his reign in Lorraine had not been an easy one either; Charles had inherited his namesake grandfather’s harshness in many ways, something that had not been made easier by the Anjou-Valois inheritance he had gotten from his father. Nicholas I had wisely split his realms between his two sons, leaving Charles with Lorraine, Bar and Provence, while Nicholas the Younger had gotten Anjou and Maine in the western France near Brittany. The County of Nevers that Charles had acquired through dubious rights had also caused an endless number of troubles, while the Valois-Anjou inheritance of Provence down in south-eastern France had been harder to control, due to the long distance and the sense of many in Provence of belonging more to France than their absent Count. Many soldiers had also been lost against the Ottomans in Belgrade, and the mustering of more men raised the hackles of many. John III was not his cast-iron father either, and while he was a capable ruler, his miliary skills fell shorter. But Lorraine was not the only player on the stage, as the Duke of Anjou proved to be a bigger problem. Nicholas II was not his nephew in Lorraine and he took the opportunity to extend his already considerable mini-kingdom and invaded the neighbouring Duchy of Alencon and the Counties of Perche, Dunois and Vendome, as he had done in 1509 without great sucess. Since the death of Charles IV over a decade ago, the Alencon lands had been contested, as his sister had wed the Duke of Angouleme, but Nicholas II had since long set his eyes on them. The Prince-Regent could not divert his forces as he had his hands full with the Brabantians, but the Dauphine sent the Duke of Bourbon to prevent Anjou from carving out a kingdom in the west of France. Anjou would have to be dealt with after the conquest of Picardy was done.

    The Dauphine kept a hawk-eye on the surrounding duchies. While Bourbon marched against Anjou, she left Orléans to deal with Lorraine herself. Isabel announced her arrival to her cousin with a roar of cannon-fire to the meagre force that had barely reached Joinville near the Duchy of Bar, scattering most of them. Days later she laid siege to the Nancy, the capital of Lorraine itself, much to the shock of many. But Isabel, being the grand-daughter of the greatest king in Christendom, were not one to be indecisive in times of crisis and she ruthlessly pressed onwards, cutting of all routes of supplies swiftly and relentlessly bombarded the city walls. The atmosphere in the city turned turbulent, as strong voices argued for surrendering to France rather than becoming entangled in more warfare. Three weeks later, John sent a message of surrender to the Dauphine and days afterwards he formally opened the city gates to her forces.

    Family of Darius before Alexander.jpg

    Family of Darius before Alexander

    Isabel received John outside of the city, surrounded by several thousand of soldiers, and she greeted him with the might of a conqueror. The Dauphine laid very strict terms for the conditions of the surrender; as John was forced to had over his two sons to her immediately, until he had raised the sum of 900,000 florins as their ransom, to yield the County of Nevers back to the crown and to become shift his alliance with Brabant toward that of France. Knowing that the sum of money would be incredible difficult to raise for Lorraine, Isabel offered one solution that would benefit France more. The ransom would be lowered to 500,000 if John sold the County of Provence to France and agreed to a marriage between his heir, Rene and Isabelle, the Dauphine’s second daughter. In the meanwhile, Rene would be raised in the court of France alongside his younger brother, Philip. Should Rene not survive to adulthood, Philip would wed Isabelle in his steed. France would provide for their upbringing and education and Isabelle would bring a proper dowry and trousseau to the marriage when she came of age. Knowing that his situation was hanging by a thread, John agreed to Isabel’s conditions and prepared for the surrendering of Provence, a region that had been troublesome for decades now to him and his father and grandfather. Rene and Philip were swiftly sent to safekeeping in Amboise, where they joined Isabel’s daughters in the nursery. The Prince-Regent found out about his wife’s endeavour, much to his shock, but he was greatly pleased with her actions, especially as it had given France a secure border to the east. But the fighting in the west was not done, especially as Bourbon and Anjou clashed together at a few miles outside of Chartres. Bourbon was an excellent commander, but so were Anjou and while Dunois and Vendome would not be lost, Alencon and Perche was. This infuriated Francis I of Angouleme, as those had come to him by his marriage to Francoise of Alencon and now the Anjou bastard had taken it. But his rage did not last long, as he perished in Picardy in the service of the Prince-Regent. The campaign stopped in the late autumn for a brief respite, as French and Brabantian blood had been heavily spilled in the region, and while the ducal forces had fought immensely hard against the invaders, Vermandois and half of Picardy had been successfully taken by Louis. The betrayal of Lorraine and Emperor Maximilian had forced Philippe into a defensive position as his allies dwindled. Worse was to come in November when the Duke of Brittany died of kidney failure. Jean VI had been a very popular ruler and a steadfast ally to Brabant for several decades. The new Duke, Richard I had married Philippe’s sister Katherine twenty years ago, a match that had been intended to unite the two duchies against French encroachment, but that was now on shaky ground. Jean’s two sons had not inherited their father’s stable temperament, as Richard proved to be a cruel man both as ruler and husband. Katherine’s bad luck in childbearing was no doubt caused by her abusive spouse, as only one son remained alive aside from their two daughters. His brother, Francis, Count of Étampes loathed him as well and many in the duchy wished for him to become their duke instead. Francis had wedded Marie of Anjou, the second daughter of Nicholas II and Anne of Foix-Candale to bind the duchies closer to each other and their marriage was far more fruitful, with five living children, much to Richard’s resentment.

    Philippe decided to once more reach out to England in this time of crisis. If his youngest daughter Beatrice would not become a future empress, the she could become queen of England instead. Because the curse of Prince Richard’s marriages would once more strike early in December to disastrous results.


    Author's Note: So here we see the first year of the War of the Wrath between France and Brabant. And I'm taking the opportunity to present some new players as well. And Francis I of France died without ever getting the crown.
     
    Last edited:
    Top